Front Wheel Alignment: Adjustment

NOTE: If the wheel alignment has been adjusted, and if suspension or underbody components have been removed/installed or replaced, be sure to perform the following initialization procedure in order for the system to function normally:

Disconnect the cable from the negative battery terminal for more than 2 seconds.
Reconnect the cable to the negative battery terminal.
Perform zero point calibration of the yaw rate and acceleration sensor and test mode inspection.

HINT:

(See CALIBRATION )

INSPECT TIRES
1. Inspect the tires (See INSPECTION ).

MEASURE VEHICLE HEIGHT

NOTE:

Before inspecting the wheel alignment, adjust the vehicle height to the specified value.
Be sure to perform measurement on a level surface.
If it is necessary to go under the vehicle for measurement, confirm that the parking brake is applied and the vehicle is secured with chocks.

Bounce on the vehicle up and down at the corners to stabilize the suspension.

Measure the vehicle height.

Measuring points: A: Ground clearance of front wheel center

B: Ground clearance of No. 1 lower suspension arm bushing set bolt center

C: Ground clearance of rear wheel center

D: Ground clearance of strut rod set bolt center

Vehicle height

VEHICLE HEIGHT SPECIFICATION

Model	Front A - B	Rear C - D
2WD	118.2 mm (4.65 in.)	34.9 mm (1.37 in.)
4WD	118.3 mm (4.66 in.)	33.8 mm (1.33 in.)

Fig 1: Measuring Vehicle Height

Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

INSPECT WHEEL ANGLE

Put tread center marks on the rearmost points of the turning radius gauge.

Turn the steering wheel to the left and right full lock positions, and measure the turning angle.

Wheel turning angle

WHEEL TURNING ANGLE REFERENCE

Model	Inside wheel	Outside wheel Reference
2WD	35° 07' +/- 2° (35.12° +/- 2°)	31°20' (31.33°)
4WD	35°07' +/- 2° (35.12° +/- 2°)	31°20' (31.33°)

If the angles are not as specified, check and adjust the right and left rack end lengths.

Fig 2: Measuring Turning Angle

Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

INSPECT CAMBER, CASTER AND STEERING AXIS INCLINATION

Install the camber-caster-kingpin gauge or place the front wheels on the center of the wheel alignment tester.

Fig 3: Identifying Camber-Caster-Kingpin Gauge
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

Inspect the camber, caster and steering axis inclination.

Camber, caster and steering axis inclination

CAMBER, CASTER AND STEERING AXIS SPECIFICATION

-	2WD	4WD	Right-left difference
Camber Inclination	-0°38' +/- 45' (-0.63° +/- 0.75°)	-0°381 +/- 45' (-0.63° +/- 0.75°)	45' (0.75°) or less
Caster Inclination	2°37'+/- 45' (2.62° +/- 0.75°)	2°37' +/- 45' (2.62° +/- 0.75°)
Steering Axis Inclination	11°01' +/- 45' (11.02° +/- 0.75°)	11°01' +/- 45' (11.02° +/- 0.75°)

ADJUST CAMBER

NOTE: Inspect toe-in after the camber has been adjusted.

Remove the front wheel.
Remove the 2 nuts on the lower side of the front shock absorber.
NOTE: Keep the bolts inserted.

Fig 4: Identifying Front Shock Absorber Nuts
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
Clean the installation surfaces of the front shock absorber and the steering knuckle.
Temporarily install the 2 nuts (Step A).
Fully push or pull the front axle hub in the direction of the required adjustment (Step B).

Fig 5: Pulling Front Axle Hub
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
Tighten the nuts.
Torque: 290 N*m (2956 kgf*cm, 214 ft.*lbf)

NOTE: Keep the bolts from rotating when tightening the nuts.
Install the front wheel.
Torque: 103 N*m (1050 kgf*cm, 76 ft*lbf)

Check the camber.

If the measured value is not within the specification, calculate the required adjustment amount using the formula below.

Camber adjustment amount = center value of the specified range - measured value.

Check the combination of installed bolts. Select appropriate bolts from the table below to adjust the camber to the specified values.

HINT:

Try to adjust the camber to the center of the specified values.

AXLE SPECIFICATION

Move the axle toward (+) in step (B)	Move the axle toward (-) in step (B)
Refer to table (1, Fig 7) (Move the axle toward positive side)	Refer to table (2, Fig 8) (Move the axle toward negative side)

The body and suspension may be damaged if the camber is not correctly adjusted according to the above table.

NOTE: Replace the nut with a new one when replacing the bolt.

Fig 6: Identifying Front Shock Absorber Bolts & Nuts

Fig 7: Identifying Bolt Specification Table (1 Of 2)

Fig 8: Identifying Bolt Specification Table (2 Of 2)

Repeat the steps mentioned above. In step (A), replace 1 or 2 selected bolts.
HINT:

Replace one bolt at a time when replacing 2 bolts.

INSPECT TOE-IN

Bounce the vehicle up and down at the corners to stabilize the suspension.
Release the parking brake and move the shift lever to the neutral position.
Push the vehicle straight ahead approximately 5 m (16.4 ft.). (*1)
Put tread center marks on the rearmost points of the front wheels and measure the distance between the marks (dimension B).

Fig 9: Identifying Tread Center Marks
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
Slowly push the vehicle straight ahead to cause the front wheels to rotate 180° using the front tire valve as a reference point.
HINT:

Do not allow the wheels to rotate more than 180°. If the wheels rotate more than 180°, perform the procedure from (*1) again.
Measure the distance between the tread center marks on the front side of the wheels (dimension A).

Fig 10: Measuring Distance Between Tread Center Marks On Front Side Of Wheels
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

Toe-in

TOE-IN SPECIFICATION

Item	Specified Condition
Toe-in (total)	C + D: 0°02' +/- 12' (0.04° +/- 0.2°) B - A: 0.9 +/- 2 mm (0.04 +/- 0.08 in.)

If toe-in is not within the specified range, adjust it at the rack ends.

HINT:

Measure "B - A" only when "C + D" cannot be measured.

ADJUST TOE-IN
1. Make sure that the lengths of the right and left rack ends are almost the same.
  Standard difference: 1.5 mm (0.06 in.) or less
2. Remove the rack boot set clips.
  
  Fig 11: Adjusting Toe-In
  Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
3. Loosen the tie rod end lock nuts.
4. Adjust the rack ends if the difference in thread length between the right and left rack ends is not within the specified range.
  1. Extend the shorter rack end if the measured toe-in deviates toward the outer-side.
  2. Shorten the longer rack end if the measured toe-in deviates toward the inner-side.
5. Turn the right and left rack ends by an equal amount to adjust the toe-in to the center value.
6. Make sure that the lengths of the right and left rack ends are the same.
7. Tighten the tie rod end lock nuts.
  Torque: 88 N*m (897 kgf*cm, 65 ft.*lbf)
  
  Fig 12: Identifying Tie Rod End Lock Nuts
  Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
  
  NOTE: Temporarily tighten the lock nut while holding the hexagonal part of the steering rack end so that the lock nut and the steering rack end do not turn together. Hold the width across flat of the tie rod end and tighten the lock nut.
8. Place the boots on the seats and install the clips.
  HINT:
  
  Make sure that the boots are not twisted.
PLACE FRONT WHEELS FACING STRAIGHT AHEAD
DISCONNECT CABLE FROM NEGATIVE BATTERY TERMINAL
NOTE: Disconnect the cable from the negative battery terminal for more than 2 seconds.
CONNECT CABLE TO NEGATIVE BATTERY TERMINAL
NOTE: When disconnecting the cable, some systems need to be initialized after the cable is reconnected (See INITIALIZATION ).
PERFORM YAW RATE SENSOR ZERO POINT CALIBRATION
HINT:

(See CALIBRATION )
CHECK STEERING ANGLE SENSOR ZERO POINT CALIBRATION
HINT:

(See DTC C1290: STEERING ANGLE SENSOR ZERO POINT MALFUNCTION )