Inspection Procedure

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2008 Toyota RAV4. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.

HINT:

If any DTCs other than misfire DTCs are output, troubleshoot those DTCs first.
Read freeze frame data using Techstream. Freeze frame data records the engine condition when malfunctions are detected. When troubleshooting, freeze frame data can help determine if the vehicle was moving or stationary, if the engine was warmed up or not, if the air fuel ratio was lean or rich, and other data from the time the malfunction occurred.
If the misfire does not recur when the vehicle is brought to the workshop, reproduce the conditions stored in the ECM as freeze frame data.
If the misfire still cannot be reproduced even though the conditions stored in the ECM as freeze frame data have been reproduced, one of the following factors is considered to be a possible cause of the problem:
1. There was insufficient fuel volume in the tank.
2. Improper fuel is used.
3. The spark plugs have been contaminated.
After finishing repairs, check the misfire counts of the cylinders (Cylinder #1 Misfire Rate to Cylinder #6 Misfire Rate).
Be sure to confirm that no misfiring cylinder DTCs are set again by conducting the confirmation driving pattern after finishing repairs.
For 6 and 8 cylinder engines, the ECM intentionally does not set the specific misfiring cylinder DTCs at high engine RPM. If misfires occur only in high engine RPM areas, only DTC P0300 is set.
In the event of DTC P0300 being present, perform the following operations:
1. Clear the DTC (See DTC CHECK / CLEAR ).
2. Start the engine and conduct the confirmation driving pattern.
3. Read the misfiring rates of each cylinder or DTC(s) using the tester.
4. Repair the cylinder(s) that has a high misfiring rate or is indicated by the DTC.
5. After finishing repairs, conduct the confirmation driving pattern again, in order to verify that DTC P0300 is not set.
When one of Short FT #1, Long FT #1, Short FT #2 or Long FT #2 in the freeze frame data is outside the range of +/-20%, the air fuel ratio may be Rich (-20% or less) or Lean (+20% or more).
When the Coolant Temp in the freeze frame data is less than 75°C (167°F), the misfire have occurred only while warming up the engine.
An extremely imbalanced drive wheel which causes body vibration may cause misfire DTCs to be detected.

CHECK ANY OTHER DTCS OUTPUT (IN ADDITION TO MISFIRE CODES)

Connect Techstream to the DLC3.
Turn the ignition switch ON.
Turn the tester on.
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes.

Read DTCs.

HINT:

Write down the DTCs.

Result

RESULT CHART

Display (DTC Output)	Proceed to
P0300, P0301, P0302, P0303, P0304, P0305 and/or P0306	A
P0300, P0301, P0302, P0303, P0304, P0305 and/or P0306 and other DTCs	B

HINT:

If any DTCs other than P0300, P0301, P0302, P0303, P0304, P0305 and P0306 are output, troubleshoot those DTCs first.

B: GO TO DTC CHART (See DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE CHART )

A: Go to next step

READ VALUE OF TECHSTREAM (MISFIRE RPM AND MISFIRE LOAD)
1. Connect Techstream to the DLC3.
2. Turn the ignition switch ON and turn the tester on.
3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Misfire / Misfire RPM and Misfire Load.
4. Read and note the Misfire RPM and Misfire Load values.
  HINT:
  
  The Misfire RPM and Misfire Load values indicate the vehicle conditions under which the misfire occurred.
CHECK PCV HOSE CONNECTIONS
OK:

PCV hose is correctly connected and is not damaged.

NG: REPAIR OR REPLACE PCV HOSE

OK: Go to next step

READ VALUE OF TECHSTREAM

Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Misfire / Cylinder #1 Misfire Rate, #2, #3, #4, #5 and #6
Read each value for Cylinder #1 Misfire Rate to #6 displayed on the tester. If no misfire counts occur in any cylinders, perform the following procedures:
1. Start the engine and let it idle.
2. Move the shift lever to the D position.
3. Check the Cylinder #1 Misfire Rate to #6.
4. If misfire counts are still not displayed, perform steps (c) and ( d).
Drive the vehicle with the Misfire RPM and Misfire Load noted in the "READ VALUE OF TECHSTREAM (Misfire RPM AND Misfire Load)" procedures above.

Read the Cylinder #1 Misfire Rate to #6 or DTCs displayed on the tester.

Result

RESULT CHART

Misfire Count	Proceed to
Most misfires occur in only 1 or 2 cylinders	A
3 cylinders or more have equal misfire counts	B

HINT:

If it is difficult to reproduce misfires for each cylinder, check the Data List item called Misfire Margin. Try to find vehicle driving conditions that lower the Misfire Margin value. Values above 30% are considered normal.
If the freeze frame data's record of the engine coolant temperature is below 75°C (167°F), the misfire may be detected only when the engine is cold.
If the freeze frame data's record of the Engine Run Time is below 120 seconds, the misfire may be detected immediately after the engine is started.

B: Go to step 16

A: Go to next step

CHECK SPARK PLUG

Remove the ignition coil and the spark plug of the misfiring cylinder.
Measure the spark plug electrode gap.
Standard:

Between 1.0 mm and 1.1 mm (0.039 in. and 0.043 in.)

Fig 1: Identifying Spark Plug Electrode Gap
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

Check the electrode for carbon deposits.

Recommended spark plug:

MANUFACTURER CHART

Manufacturer	Product
DENSO	FK20HR11

NOTE: If the electrode gap is larger than standard, replace the spark plug. Do not adjust the electrode gap.

NG: REPLACE SPARK PLUG (See DISASSEMBLY )

OK: Go to next step

CHECK FOR SPARKS AND IGNITION
1. Disconnect the injector connectors to prevent the engine from starting.
  CAUTION: Always disconnect all injector connectors.
  
  NOTE: Do not crank the engine for more than 2 seconds.
2. Remove the ignition coil from the cylinder head.
3. Install the spark plug onto the ignition coil.
4. Attach the spark plug assembly to the cylinder head.
5. Crank the engine for less than 2 seconds and check the spark.
  OK:
  
  Sparks jump across electrode gap.
6. Install the ignition coil.
7. Reconnect the injector connectors.
NG: Go to step 27

OK: Go to next step
CHECK CYLINDER COMPRESSION PRESSURE
1. Measure the cylinder compression pressure of the misfiring cylinder (See ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION ).
NG: CHECK ENGINE TO DETERMINE CAUSE OF LOW COMPRESSION

OK: Go to next step

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (INJECTOR OF MISFIRING CYLINDER POWER SOURCE)

Fig 2: Identifying Harness And Connector (Injector Of Misfiring Cylinder Power Source)

Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

Disconnect the injector connector (of the misfiring cylinder).

Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.

Standard voltage

TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART

Cylinder	Tester Connection	Switch Condition	Specified Condition
No. 1	B53-2 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	9 to 14 V
No. 2	B37-2 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	9 to 14 V
No. 3	B52-2 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	9 to 14 V
No. 4	B36-2 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	9 to 14 V
No. 5	B51-2 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	9 to 14 V
No. 6	B35-2 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	9 to 14 V

Reconnect the injector connector.

NG: REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR (IG2 RELAY - INJECTOR)

OK: Go to next step

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (ECM - INJECTOR OF MISFIRING)

Fig 3: Identifying Harness And Connector (ECM - Injector Of Misfiring)

Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

Disconnect the injector connector.
Disconnect the B30 ECM connector.

Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

Standard resistance

TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART

Cylinder	Tester Connection	Specified Condition
No. 1	B53-1 - Ground	10 kΩ or higher
No. 1	B53-1 - B30-45 (#10)	Below 1 Ω
No. 2	B37-1 - Ground	10 kΩ or higher
No. 2	B37-1 - B30-85 (#20)	Below 1 Ω
No. 3	B52-1 - Ground	10 kΩ or higher
No. 3	B52-1 - B30-44 (#30)	Below 1 Ω
No. 4	B36-1 - Ground	10 kΩ or higher
No. 4	B36-1 - B30-84 (#40)	Below 1 Ω
No. 5	B51-1 -Ground	10 kΩ or higher
No. 5	B51-1 - B30-43 (#50)	Below 1 Ω
No. 6	B35-1 - Ground	10 kΩ or higher
No. 6	B35-1 - B30-83 (#60)	Below 1 Ω

Reconnect the injector connector.
Reconnect the ECM connector.

NG: REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR (INJECTOR - ECM)

OK: Go to next step

CHECK FUEL INJECTOR OF MISFIRING CYLINDER
1. Check the injector resistance (See INSPECTION ).
2. Check the injector injection (whether fuel volume is high or low, and whether injection pattern is poor) (See INSPECTION ).
NG: REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (See REMOVAL )

OK: Go to next step
CHECK AIR INDUCTION SYSTEM
1. Check the air induction system for vacuum leakage (See ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION ).
  OK:
  
  No leakage from air induction system.
NG: REPAIR OR REPLACE AIR INDUCTION SYSTEM

OK: Go to next step
CHECK VALVE TIMING (See INSPECTION PROCEDURE )
NG: ADJUST VALVE TIMING

OK: Go to next step
CHECK FUEL PRESSURE
1. Check the fuel pressure (See ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION ).
NG: CHECK AND REPLACE FUEL PUMP, PRESSURE REGULATOR, FUEL PIPE LINE AND FILTER

OK: Go to next step
READ VALUE OF TECHSTREAM (COOLANT TEMP) (See INSPECTION PROCEDURE )
NG: REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR (See REMOVAL )

OK: Go to next step
INSPECT MASS AIR FLOW METER (See INSPECTION PROCEDURE )
NG: REPLACE MASS AIR FLOW METER (See REMOVAL )

OK: REPLACE ECM (See REMOVAL )
CHECK AIR INDUCTION SYSTEM
1. Check the air induction system for vacuum leakage (See ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION ).
  OK:
  
  No leakage from air induction system.
NG: REPAIR OR REPLACE AIR INDUCTION SYSTEM

OK: Go to next step
CHECK VALVE TIMING (See INSPECTION PROCEDURE )
NG: ADJUST VALVE TIMING

OK: Go to next step
CHECK FUEL PRESSURE
1. Check the fuel pressure (See ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION ).
NG: CHECK AND REPLACE FUEL PUMP, PRESSURE REGULATOR, FUEL PIPE LINE AND FILTER

OK: Go to next step
READ VALUE OF TECHSTREAM (COOLANT TEMP) (See INSPECTION PROCEDURE )
NG: REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR (See REMOVAL )

OK: Go to next step
INSPECT MASS AIR FLOW METER (See INSPECTION PROCEDURE )
NG: REPLACE MASS AIR FLOW METER (See REMOVAL )

OK: Go to next step

CHECK SPARK PLUG

Remove the ignition coil and the spark plug of the misfiring cylinder.
Measure the spark plug electrode gap.
Standard:

Between 1.0 mm and 1.1 mm (0.039 in. and 0.043 in.)

Fig 4: Identifying Spark Plug Electrode Gap
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

Check the electrode for carbon deposits.

Recommended spark plug:

MANUFACTURER CHART

Manufacturer	Product
DENSO	FK20HR11

NOTE: If the electrode gap is larger than standard, replace the spark plug. Do not adjust the electrode gap.

NG: REPLACE SPARK PLUG (See DISASSEMBLY )

OK: Go to next step

CHECK FOR SPARKS AND IGNITION
1. Disconnect the injector connectors to prevent the engine from starting.
  CAUTION: Always disconnect all injector connectors.
  
  NOTE: Do not crank the engine for more than 2 seconds.
2. Remove the ignition coil from the cylinder head.
3. Install the spark plug onto the ignition coil.
4. Attach the spark plug assembly to the cylinder head.
5. Crank the engine for less than 2 seconds and check the spark.
  OK:
  
  Sparks jump across electrode gap.
6. Install the ignition coil.
7. Reconnect the injector connectors.
NG: Go to step 27

OK: Go to next step
CHECK CYLINDER COMPRESSION PRESSURE
1. Measure the cylinder compression pressure of the misfiring cylinder (See ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION ).
NG: CHECK ENGINE TO DETERMINE CAUSE OF LOW COMPRESSION

OK: Go to next step

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (INJECTOR OF MISFIRING CYLINDER POWER SOURCE)

Fig 5: Identifying Harness And Connector (Injector Of Misfiring Cylinder Power Source)

Disconnect the injector connector (of the misfiring cylinder).

Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.

Standard voltage

TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART

Cylinder	Tester Connection	Switch Condition	Specified Condition
No. 1	B53-2 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
No. 2	B37-2 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
No. 3	B52-2 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
No. 4	B36-2 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
No. 5	B51-2 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
No. 6	B35-2 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V

Reconnect the injector connector.

NG: REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR (IG2 RELAY - INJECTOR)

OK: Go to next step

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (ECM - INJECTOR OF MISFIRING)

Fig 6: Identifying Harness And Connector (ECM - Injector Of Misfiring)

Disconnect the injector connector.
Disconnect the B30 ECM connector.

Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

Standard resistance

TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART

Cylinder	Tester Connection	Specified Condition
No. 1	B53-1 - Ground	10 kΩ or higher
No. 1	B53-1 - B30-45 (#10)	Below 1 Ω
No. 2	B37-1 - Ground	10 kΩ or higher
No. 2	B37-1 - B30-85 (#20)	Below 1 Ω
No. 3	B52-1 - Ground	10 kΩ or higher
No. 3	B52-1 - B30-44 (#30)	Below 1 Ω
No. 4	B36-1 - Ground	10 kΩ or higher
No. 4	B36-1 - B30-84 (#40)	Below 1 Ω
No. 5	B51-1 -Ground	10 kΩ or higher
No. 5	B51-1 - B30-43 (#50)	Below 1 Ω
No. 6	B35-1 - Ground	10 kΩ or higher
No. 6	B35-1 - B30-83 (#60)	Below 1 Ω

Reconnect the injector connector.
Reconnect the ECM connector.

NG: REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR (INJECTOR - ECM)

OK: Go to next step

CHECK FUEL INJECTOR OF MISFIRING CYLINDER
1. Check the injector resistance (See INSPECTION ).
2. Check the injector injection (whether fuel volume is high or low, and whether injection pattern is poor) (See INSPECTION ).
NG: REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (See REMOVAL )

OK: REPLACE ECM (See REMOVAL )
CHANGE TO NORMAL SPARK PLUG AND CHECK SPARK OF MISFIRING CYLINDER
1. Change the installed spark plug to a spark plug that functions normally.
2. Perform a spark test.
  CAUTION: Always disconnect all injector connectors.
  
  NOTE: Do not crank the engine for more than 2 seconds.
  1. Install the spark plug to the ignition coil and connect the ignition coil connector.
  2. Disconnect the injector connector.
  3. Ground the spark plug.
  4. Check if sparks occur while the engine is being cranked.
    OK:
    
    Sparks jump across electrode gap.
NG: Go to step 28

OK: REPLACE SPARK PLUG (See DISASSEMBLY )
CHANGE TO NORMAL IGNITION COIL AND CHECK SPARK OF MISFIRING CYLINDER
1. Change the ignition coil to a ignition coil that functions normally.
2. Perform a spark test.
  CAUTION: Always disconnect all injector connectors.
  
  NOTE: Do not crank the engine for more than 2 seconds.
  1. Install the spark plug into the ignition coil and connect the ignition coil connector.
  2. Disconnect the injector connector.
  3. Ground the spark plug.
  4. Check if sparks occur while the engine is being cranked.
    OK:
    
    Sparks jump across electrode gap.
NG: REPLACE ECM (See REMOVAL )

OK: REPLACE IGNITION COIL (See REMOVAL )