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Pinpoint Test A: Shift And Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) Solenoids

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2004 Ford Ranger. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.
NOTE: Refer to the TRANSMISSION VEHICLE HARNESS CONNECTOR  illustration preceding these pinpoint tests.
NOTE: Refer to the TRANSMISSION INTERNAL HARNESS CONNECTOR  illustration preceding these pinpoint tests.
NOTE: Read and record all DTCs. All Digital TR Sensor and VSS DTCs must be repaired before entering Output State Control (OSC).
  1. A1 ELECTRONIC DIAGNOSTICS 
    • Key in OFF position.
    • Select PARK.
    • Check to make sure the transmission harness connector is fully seated, terminals are fully engaged in connector and in good condition before proceeding.
    • Connect the diagnostic tool.
    • Key in ON position.
    • Enter the following diagnostic mode on the diagnostic tool: Diagnostic Data Link.
    • Enter the following diagnostic mode on the diagnostic tool: PCM.
    • Enter the following diagnostic mode on the diagnostic tool: Active Command Modes.
    • Enter the following diagnostic mode on the diagnostic tool: Output State Control (OSC).
    • Enter the following diagnostic mode on the diagnostic tool: Trans-Bench Mode.
    • Does vehicle enter Trans-Bench Mode? 
    1. Yes  : REMAIN in Trans-Bench Mode. GO to A2.
    2. No  : REPEAT procedure to enter Trans-Bench Mode. If vehicle did not enter Trans-Bench Mode, REFER to the INTRODUCTION - CNG, FLEX-FUEL & GASOLINE article for diagnosis of PCM.
  2. A2 WIGGLE TEST 
    • Remain in Trans-Bench Mode.
    • Select PIDs to be monitored.
      ELECTRONIC DIAGNOSTICS

      PID Command PID Actual
      SSA SS1F
      SSB SS2F
      SSC SS3F
      SSD CCSF
      TCC TCCF
    • Select "ON" to turn suspect solenoid(s) on.
    • Press "SEND".
    • Wiggle all wiring and connectors to the transmission. Monitor the Solenoid State for changes.
    • Select "OFF" to turn solenoid(s) off.
    • Press "SEND".
    • Repeat Steps 3-7 for each solenoid.
    • Does the suspect solenoid(s) state change? 
    1. Yes  : REPAIR open or short in the vehicle harness or connector.
    2. No  : GO to A3.
  3. A3 SOLENOID FUNCTIONAL CHECK 
    • Monitor each solenoid state.
    • Turn each solenoid ON and OFF.
    • Does the solenoid turn ON and OFF when commanded and can solenoid activation be heard? 
    1. Yes  : GO to A4.
    2. No  : GO to  A5.
  4. A4 OSC TRANS-DRIVE MODE (GR_CM OR TCC) CHECK 
    • Carry out OSC Trans-Drive Mode.
    • Select GR_CM for Shift Solenoids or follow procedures for GR_CM as listed in this article.
    • Select TCC for Torque Converter Clutch Solenoid. Follow procedures of TCC in Drive Mode as listed in this article.
    • Does the transmission upshift and downshift or torque converter engage/disengage when commanded? 
    1. Yes  : CLEAR all DTCs. ROAD TEST to verify if concern is still present. If concern is still present, REFER to the DIAGNOSIS BY SYMPTOM INDEX  to diagnose a shift or torque converter concern.
    2. No  : GO to A5.
  5. A5 CHECK FOR BATTERY VOLTAGE 
    • Remove transmission fluid pan. Refer to FLUID PAN, GASKET AND FILTER .
    • Visually inspect all wires and connectors for damage.
    • Key in ON position.
    • Connect DVOM positive lead to VPWR solenoid terminal and negative lead to a good ground.
    • Is the battery voltage present? 
    1. Yes  : GO to A6.
    2. No  : CHECK for open or short circuit in harness or solenoid.
  6. A6 ELECTRICAL SIGNAL CHECK 
    • Leave positive lead connected to VPWR solenoid terminal and connect negative lead to the signal terminal of the appropriate solenoid.
    • Enter the following diagnostic mode on the diagnostic tool: Trans-Bench Mode.
    • Select Parameter SSA, SSB, SSC, SSD or TCC.
    • Select "ON".
    • Press "SEND".
    • Turn the solenoids ON and OFF, while monitoring the voltage reading on the DVOM, solenoid state on the scan tool (ON and OFF), listen for the solenoid to activate (click).
    • Select "OFF", press "SEND".
    • Does the voltage and solenoid state change? 
    1. Yes  : GO to A7.
    2. No  : CHECK for open or short circuit in harness, solenoid or a PCM concern.
  7. A7 CHECK SOLENOID RESISTANCE AT SOLENOID 
    • Disconnect the appropriate solenoid connector at the solenoid.
    • Check solenoid resistance by connecting an ohmmeter at the terminals of the solenoid.
      Fig 1: Checking Solenoid Resistance At Solenoid
      G03275385Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Measure and record the resistance for each solenoid (SSA, SSB, SSC, SSD or TCC).
      SOLENOID RESISTANCE SPECIFICATIONS

      Solenoid Resistance (ohms)
      SSA 22-48
      SSB 22-48
      SSC 22-48
      SSD 22-48
      TCC 8.9-16
    • Is the resistance within specification? 
    1. Yes  : GO to A8.
    2. No  : INSTALL a new solenoid.
  8. A8 CHECK SOLENOID FOR SHORT TO GROUND 
    • Check for continuity between engine ground and appropriate shift solenoid terminal with ohmmeter or other low current tester (less than 200 milliamps). Connection should show infinite resistance (no continuity).
      Solenoid Terminal
      SSA +/-
      SSB +/-
      SSC +/-
      SSD +/-
      TCC +/-
      Fig 2: Checking Solenoid For Short To Ground
      G03275386Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is there continuity? 
    1. Yes  : INSTALL a new solenoid.
    2. No  : REFER to the DIAGNOSIS BY SYMPTOM INDEX  in DIAGNOSIS BY SYMPTOM  to diagnosis a shift or torque converter concern.
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