3200 Instructions and specifications for replacement of steering gear/steering column/steering shaft following accident damage

Steering gear facts:

In the event of accidents or driving conditions similar to accidents, shock-like loads can cause different types of damage to front axles and steering gears. When a steering box is externally undamaged, it is sometimes only possible to identify damage with great difficulty and with great effort. However, damage of this nature poses an unacceptable risk to the vehicle because this can result in failure of the steering system.

Because of the disproportionate amount of effort involved, it is generally not sensible to check thoroughly all the individual components of the steering box and as an alternative it is necessary to take into account other components which can be checked more easily.

Steering gear procedure:

The steering box must be replaced if one or more of the following points apply:

Visible or noticeable damage to the steering box
- Version with electric steering box (EPS): Examine in particular the control unit with all plug connections for damage and hairline cracks.
Unacceptable torque increase and jamming when the steering gear is turned from lock to lock (without hydraulic/electrical assistance).
Fire damage
Damage, permanent deformation or fractures to:
- Wheel rims in the event of a negative result from the wheel alignment check
- Spring struts, steering stubs, swivel bearings
  If the damage found is due only to the damper pipe sliding in the swivel bearing, then it is not necessary to replace the steering gear under the following conditions:
  1. There is no further damage to the chassis and suspension components, body parts, wheels etc., that can be attributed to violent effects similar to that caused by an accident.
    NOTE: If the spring cup abuts the tire or if the lower end of the damper touches the output shaft, this is to be taken as subsequent damage of the damper pipe's sliding and does not necessarily result in damage to the steering gear.
  2. After the repair (swivel bearing and spring strut), no noticeable noises and no noticeable breaks or stiff positions can be observed when turning of the steering wheel slow and fast in both directions from one limit position to the other.
- Wishbones
- Struts or trailing links or anti-roll bar with this function
- Body-side screwing/attachment points for wheel guide/control components
- Front axle support
- Track rods
- Steering box fixtures
- Steering column
A lopsided steering wheel, significant deviations of camber/track values and noises when cranking the steering can be additional indications for the damage/deformations listed here.

NOTE: If the steering box replacement work which is required for safety reasons is refused by the customer or an insurance company for cost reasons, a memorandum to that effect must be drawn up and countersigned by the party bearing the costs of the accident repair.

Actual situation of the steering column and steering shaft:

In the event of accidents or driving conditions similar to accidents, shock-like loads can cause different types of damage to the steering shaft and steering column. In case no external damaged of the steering column and the steering shaft can be noticed, it is sometimes only possible to identify damage with great difficulty and with great effort.

Procedure for steering column and steering shaft:

The steering column and steering shaft must be replaced if one or more of the following points apply:

Visible or noticeable damage, deformation or breakage of the steering column or steering shaft
Damage, permanent deformation or breakage of the track rod
Unacceptable torque increase and jamming when the steering column is cranked from limit position to limit position (without hydraulic/electrical assistance)
If, after all damaged axle components are exchanged, the axle measurement target data during wheel alignment cannot be reached (exceeding of the permitted axle measurement tolerances). If required, enclose the measurement protocol of the invoice/certificate.
Positive check for activated crash system of the steering column:
If no damage is visible on the steering column, the mechanical steering column must be checked for an activated crash system:
1. Open steering column lock
2. Pull steering wheel out towards the driver (towards the body) until the physical limit position is reached, but do not use excessive force
3. Push steering wheel towards engine compartment (approx. 20-30 mm away from body) into the comfort position and lock
  If no end stop is present when pulling out the steering column or the gaiter of the steering column shroud has tension, the crash system has activated and the steering column is to be replaced.

NOTE: If the steering column/steering shaft replacement work which is required for safety reasons is rejected by the customer or an insurance company for cost reasons, a memorandum to that effect must be drawn up and countersigned by the party bearing the costs of the accident repair.

Attention!

The vehicle's operating licence will be invalidated whenever the function of any of its safety components is compromised!

This guideline is binding for all accident repairs to all BMW F3x vehicles.