WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2004 Volkswagen R32. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.
Fig 1: Pulling Out Bushing For Selector Rod Using Internal Puller, Support & Special Tool VW 801
Courtesy of VOLKSWAGEN UNITED STATES, INC.
A - Internal puller 14.5 to 18.5 mm , e.g. Kukko 21/2