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Brake Fluid: Bleeding

CAUTION: Bleeding without the hand-held tester may result in the air not being completely bled. As this can result in an accident, be sure to use the hand-held tester for air bleeding  .
NOTE:
  • Move the shift lever to the P position and apply the parking brake before bleeding air. 
  • Add brake fluid carefully so that it remains between MIN and MAX lines of the reservoir while bleeding air. 
  • Brake fluid may overflow when bleeding the brake actuator hose. Do not place the fluid can on the reservoir inlet. 
  • If the pump motor operates while there is air remaining inside the brake actuator hose, the air will enter the actuator, resulting in difficulty in air bleeding. Remove the motor relay No.1 and No.2 until instructed to reinstall them in order to prevent air from coming into the brake actuator hose. 
  • Actuator pump motor and master pressure cut-off solenoid can operate through a supplemental power source even if the power switch is off. 
  • buzzer may sound due to the accumulator pressure decline during air bleeding, however, keep on bleeding. 
  • DTCs for things such as the motor relay No.1 and No.2 malfunction and a pressure sensor malfunction are stored after bleeding. Clear the DTCs when instructed during or after bleeding  .
  • Bleed the brake actuator hose if air enters as a result of the decline of reservoir fluid  .
  1. PREPARATION 
    1. Move the shift lever to the P position and apply the parking brake.
      Fig 1: Connecting Hand-Held Tester To DLC3
      G02592231Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    2. Connect the hand-held tester to the DLC3 with the power switch off as shown in the illustration.
    3. Turn the power switch on (IG) and turn on the hand-held tester.
      NOTE: Do not start the engine.
    4. Select "DIAGNOSTIC MENU" --> "ABS/VSC" --> "AIR BLEEDING" on the hand-held tester.
    5. Select "AIR BLEEDING".
      1. Select "Usual" if the front/rear brakes were removed, installed or disassembled.

        HINT:

        Go to "FRONT AND REAR BRAKE SYSTEMS" if "Usual" is selected.

      2. Select "Actuator" if the actuator is removed, installed or replaced.
        NOTE: Be sure to release the pressure out of the actuator before removing. See " BLEEDING  " for bleeding instructions. 

        HINT:

        Go to "BLEED BRAKE ACTUATOR" if "Actuator" is selected.

        Fig 2: Identifying Air Bleeding Display
        G02592232Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
      3. Select "Master Cylinder or Stroke Simulator" if the brake master cylinder or the brake stroke simulator was removed, installed or replaced.

      HINT:

      Go to "6. BLEED MASTER CYLINDER/STROKE SIMULATOR" if "Master Cylinder or Stroke Simulator" is selected.

    6. Return to "MENU" and bleed the air again if the display shown on the left appears during air bleeding.
      Fig 3: Identifying Failed Display
      G02592233Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    7. Remove and install the relays as shown in the illustration if instructed to remove and install motor relays No.1 and No.2 by the hand-held tester.
      Fig 4: Removing And Installing Relays
      G02592234Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
  2. FILL RESERVOIR WITH BRAKE FLUID 
    NOTE: Wash brake fluid off immediately if it adheres to any painted surface  .
    1. Add brake fluid into the reservoir.

    Fluid: SAE J1703 or FMVSS No. 116 DOT3 

  3. BLEED MASTER CYLINDER 

    HINT:

    If the master cylinder has been disassembled or if the reservoir becomes empty, bleed the air out of the master cylinder.

    1. Disconnect the brake lines from the master cylinder.

      SST 09023-00100

    2. Slowly depress and hold the brake pedal.
      Fig 5: Bleeding Master Cylinder
      G02592235Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    3. Cover the outer holes with your fingers, and release the brake pedal.
    4. Repeat (b) and (c) 3 or 4 times.
    5. Connect the brake lines from the master cylinder. SST 09023-00100

      Torque: 15 N.m (155 kgf.cm, 11 ft.lbf) 

      Fig 6: Connecting Brake Lines From Master Cylinder
      G02592236Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
  4. BLEED FRONT AND REAR BRAKE SYSTEMS 
    NOTE: Wash brake fluid off immediately if it adheres to any painted surface. 

    HINT:

    Bleed the air out of the front and rear brake systems in accordance with the display on the left.

    Fig 7: Bleeding Front And Rear Brake Systems (Display)
    G02592237Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    1. Remove the motor relays No.1 and No.2.
      NOTE:
      • Remove motor relays No.1 and No.2 before bleeding the air out of the front brake system  .
      • Be sure to turn the power switch off before removing motor relays No.1 and No.2. 
    2. Bleed the air out of the FR/FL wheels if the display shown on the left appears.
      1. Remove the bleeder plug cap.
      2. Connect the vinyl tube to the bleeder plug.
      3. Depress the brake pedal several times, then loosen the bleeder plug with the pedal depressed.
      4. When the fluid stops coming out, tighten the bleeder plug, and then release the brake pedal.

        Torque: 8.4 N.m (86 kgf.cm, 74 in..lbf) 

      5. Repeat ( 3) and ( 4) until all the air in the fluid is completely bled out.
      6. Install the bleeder plug cap.
      7. Repeat the previous procedures to bleed the air out of the brake line for each wheel.
      Fig 8: Installing Bleeder Plug Cap (Display)
      G02592238Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    3. Install the motor relays No.1 and No.2.
      NOTE:
      • Install motor relays No.1 and No.2 before bleeding the air out of the rear brake system.
      • Be sure to turn the power switch off before installing motor relays No.1 and No.2.
      Fig 9: Installing Motor Relays No.1 And No.2 Before Bleeding (Display)
      G02592239Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    4. Bleed the air out of the RL wheel if the display shown on the left appears.
      1. Remove the bleeder plug cap of RL wheel.
      2. Connect the vinyl tube to the bleeder plug of RL wheel.
      3. Depress the brake pedal and loosen the bleeder plug of RL wheel until all the air in the fluid is completely bled out.
        NOTE: Do not pump the brake pedal. Hold the brake pedal depressed when bleeding the air out of the rear brake systems. 

        HINT:

        The actuator motor relay starts operation and oil pressure is applied to the rear brake systems if the brake pedal is depressed, which allows air bleeding through the bleeder plug.

      4. Tighten the bleeder plug if the air is completely bled out.

        Torque: 8.4 N.m (86 kgf.cm, 74 in..lbf) 

        Fig 10: Bleeding Air Out Of RL Wheel (Display)
        G02592240Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    5. Bleed the air out of the RR wheel if the display shown on the left appears.
      1. Remove the bleeder plug cap of RR wheel.
      2. Connect the vinyl tube to the bleeder plug of RR wheel.
      3. Depress the brake pedal and loosen the bleeder plug of RR wheel until all the air in the fluid is completely bled out.
      NOTE: Do not pump the brake pedal. Hold the brake pedal depressed when bleeding the air out of the rear brake systems. 

      HINT:

      The actuator motor relay starts operation and oil pressure is applied to the rear brake systems if the brake pedal is depressed, which allows air bleeding through the bleeder plug.

      Fig 11: Bleeding Air Out Of RR Wheel (Display)
      G02592241Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    6. The air bleeding of the front and rear brake system finishes if the display shown on the left appears.
      Fig 12: Air Bleeding Of Front And Rear Brake System Finishes (Display)
      G02592242Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
  5. BLEED BRAKE ACTUATOR 
    NOTE: Wash brake fluid off immediately if it adheres to any painted surface. 

    HINT:

    Bleed the air out of the brake actuator in accordance with the display on the left.

    1. Refresh the high pressure line.
      NOTE: Be sure to perform this procedure before replacement, removal or installation of the actuator. 

      HINT:

      • Decrease the internal pressure by performing this procedure.
      • Count down from 20 seconds.
      Fig 13: Bleeding Brake Actuator (Display)
      G02592243Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    2. Follow the procedures shown on the display on the left.
      NOTE: Be sure to remove motor relays No.1 and No.2 before removing the actuator for replacement, removal or installation.
      Fig 14: Removing Motor Relays No.1 And No.2 (Display)
      G02592244Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    3. Follow the procedures shown on the display on the left.

      HINT:

      See "BLEEDING " for bleeding the air out of the front brake system.

      Fig 15: Bleeding Front And Rear Brake Systems (Display)
      G02592245Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    4. Bleed the air out of the drain line.
      NOTE: Be sure to perform this procedure if air remains in the actuator hose. 

      HINT:

      Fluid inside the actuator hose returns to the reservoir tank when performing this procedure.

      Fig 16: Bleeding Air Out Of Drain Line (Display)
      G02592246Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    5. Depress the brake pedal 30 times within 30 seconds while the solenoid is operating.

      HINT:

      The solenoid stops operation automatically after approximately 30 seconds.

    6. Install the motor relays No.1 and No.2.
      NOTE:
      • Install motor relays No.1 and No.2 before bleeding the air out of the rear brake system. 
      • Be sure to turn the power switch off before installing motor relays No.1 and No.2. 
      Fig 17: Installing Motor Relays No.1 And No.2
      G02592247Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    7. Bleed the air out of the rear brake RL wheel.

      HINT:

      See "BLEEDING " for bleeding the air out of the rear brake system.

      Fig 18: Bleeding Front And Rear Brake Systems (Display)
      G02592248Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    8. Bleed the air out of the rear brake RR wheel.

      HINT:

      See "BLEEDING " for bleeding the air out of the rear brake system.

      Fig 19: Bleeding Air Out Of Rear Brake RR Wheel (Display)
      G02592249Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    9. Loosen the bleeder plug of FL wheel.
      Fig 20: Loosening Bleeder Plug Of FL Wheel (Display)
      G02592250Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    10. Bleed the air out of the power supply line.

      HINT:

      Air can be bled out of the high pressure line inside the actuator when performing this procedure.

      Fig 21: Bleeding Air Out Of Power Supply Line (Display)
      G02592251Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    11. Tighten the bleeder plug of FL wheel.

      Torque: 8.4 N.m (86 kgf.cm, 74 in..lbf) 

      Fig 22: Tightening Bleeder Plug Of FL Wheel (Display)
      G02592252Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    12. Bleed the air out of the stroke simulator line.

      HINT:

      • See "BLEEDING " for bleeding the air out of the stroke simulator.
      • Bleed the air out of the stroke simulator twice.
      • The number of times air is bled is displayed as 1/2 (first) and 2/2 (second).
      Fig 23: Bleeding Air Out Of Stroke Simulator Line (Display)
      G02592253Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
      1. Depress the brake pedal 20 times in 20 seconds.

        HINT:

        Depress the brake pedal 20 times at 1 second intervals, holding the pedal down on the last time.

        Fig 24: Depressing Brake Pedal 20 Times
        G02592254Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
      2. Perform the usual air bleeding for FL wheel.

        HINT:

        • Loosen the bleeder plug of the FL wheel and bleed the air with the brake pedal depressed.
        • See "BLEEDING " for bleeding instructions.
        Fig 25: Performing Usual Air Bleeding For FL Wheel
        G02592255Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    13. Refresh the high pressure line.
      NOTE: Keep the fluid inside the reservoir above the "LOW" level by replenishing. 

      HINT:

      • Accumulator pressure is released and accumulated repeatedly, which circulates the fluid inside the accumulator when performing this procedure.
      • The high pressure line is refreshed 5 times. The number of times refreshed is displayed as 1/5 (first), 2/5 (second) and so on.
      • Count down from 20 seconds.
      Fig 26: Refreshing High Pressure Line
      G02592256Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    14. Turn the power switch off. Turn the power switch on (IG) and check if the ABS motor pump runs and stops.

      HINT:

      The pump motor rotates and the accumulator is pressurized every time turning the power switch from off to on (IG).

    15. Return to "MENU".
      Fig 27: Checking ABS Motor Pump Runs And Stops
      G02592257Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
  6. BLEED MASTER CYLINDER/STROKE SIMULATOR 
    NOTE: Wash brake fluid off immediately if it adheres to any painted surface.

    HINT:

    Bleed the air out of the master cylinder/stroke simulator in accordance with the display shown on the left.

    1. Remove the motor relays No.1 and No.2.
      NOTE:
      • Remove motor relays No.1 and No.2 before bleeding the air out of the front brake system. 
      • Be sure to turn the power switch off before removing motor relays No.1 and No.2. 
      Fig 28: Removing Motor Relays No.1 And No.2
      G02592258Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    2. Bleed the air out of the FR/FL wheels in accordance with the display shown on the left.

      HINT:

      • Air can be completely bled out of the master cylinder by performing this procedure.
      • See "BLEEDING " for bleeding instructions.
      Fig 29: Bleeding Front And Rear Brake Systems
      G02592259Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    3. Install the motor relays No.1 and No.2.
      NOTE:
      • Install motor relays No.1 and No.2 before bleeding the air out of the stroke simulator. 
      • Be sure to turn the power switch off before installing motor relays No.1 and No.2. 
      Fig 30: Installing Motor Relays No.1 And No.2
      G02592260Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    4. Bleed the air out of the stroke simulator line.

      HINT:

      • Bleed the air out of the stroke simulator twice.
      • The number of times air is bled is displayed as 1/2 (first) and 2/2 (second).
      Fig 31: Bleeding Air Out Of Stroke Simulator Line
      G02592261Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
      1. Depress the brake pedal 20 times in 20 seconds.

        HINT:

        Depress the brake pedal 20 times at 1 second intervals, holding the pedal down on the last time.

        Fig 32: Depressing Brake Pedal 20 Times In 20 Seconds
        G02592262Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
      2. Perform the usual air bleeding for FL wheel.

        HINT:

        • Loosen the bleeder plug of the FL wheel and bleed the air with the brake pedal depressed.
        • See "BLEEDING " for bleeding instructions.
        Fig 33: Performing Usual Air Bleeding For FL Wheel
        G02592263Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    5. The air bleeding of the master cylinder/stroke simulator finishes if the display shown on the left appears.
      Fig 34: Bleeding Of Master Cylinder/Stroke Simulator
      G02592264Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
  7. CHECK AND CLEAR DTC (See  DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES CHECK/CLEAR  ) 
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