Individual Cylinder STFT (iSTFT n (k))

Individual cylinder STFT (= iSTFT n (k)) are calculated by integral control and individual cylinder λ deviation u (k) converges to target (no deviation).

iSTFT n (k) = iSTFT n (k-1) + C (tgt - u (k)) 

iSTFT n (k) = Individual cylinder STFT

u (k): Estimated individual cylinder λ deviation*

tgt: Target (No deviation = zero)

C: Control gain (negative value)

Courtesy of SUBARU OF AMERICA, INC.

*individual cylinder λ deviation: u (k)

= Individual cylinderλ - averageλ during 720°CA

Courtesy of SUBARU OF AMERICA, INC.

Estimated individual cylinder λ deviation "u (k)" is calculated by model (as described below).