Measurement Of Steering Effort

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2013 Subaru Forester. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.

Step	Check	Yes	No
1 CHECK STEERING EFFORT. Stop the vehicle on paved road. Start the engine. Run the engine at idle. Install a spring scale on the steering wheel. Pull the spring scale at a right angle to the steering wheel, and measure both right and left steering wheel efforts. Courtesy of SUBARU OF AMERICA, INC. NOTE: When turning the steering more quickly than necessary from a direction to the other direction at an engine speed of 2, 000 rpm or higher, steering effort may be heavy. This is caused by flow characteristic of the fluid in the oil pump and is not a defect.	Is the steering effort less than 29.4 N (2.99 kgf, 6.6 lbf)?	Steering effort is normal.	Go to step 2 .
2 CHECK STEERING EFFORT. Stop the engine and lift up the vehicle. Pull the spring scale at a right angle to the steering wheel, and measure both right and left steering wheel efforts.	Is the steering effort less than 14 N (1.43 kgf, 3.1 lbf)?	Go to step 3 .	Perform the backlash adjustment.
3 CHECK STEERING WHEEL EFFORT. Remove the universal joint. Measure the steering wheel effort.	Is the steering effort less than 2.26 N (0.23 kgf, 0.51 lbf)?	Go to step 4 .	Replace the steering column.
4 CHECK STEERING WHEEL EFFORT. Measure the steering wheel effort.	Is the difference of steering effort between right and left less than 20%?	Go to step 5 .	Replace the steering column.
5 CHECK UNIVERSAL JOINT. Measure the swing torque of joint. (Yoke of steering column side) < Refer to INSPECTION , Universal Joint. >	Is the swing torque of the universal joint less than 7.3 N (0.74 kgf, 1.64 lbf)?	Go to step 6 .	Replace the universal joint.
6 CHECK UNIVERSAL JOINT. Measure the swing torque of joint. (Yoke of gearbox side) < Refer to INSPECTION , Universal Joint. >	Is the swing torque of the universal joint less than 3.8 N (0.39 kgf, 0.86 lbf)?	Go to step 7 .	Replace the universal joint.
7 CHECK FRONT WHEEL. Check the front wheels.	Does the front wheels have unsteady revolution or rattling, or does the brake drag?	Inspect, readjust and replace if necessary.	Go to step 8 .
8 CHECK TIE-ROD ENDS. Remove the tie-rod ends from housing.	If the tie-rod ends have unsteady revolution or rattling?	Inspect and replace if necessary.	Go to step 9 .
9 CHECK GEARBOX. Measure the rotating of gearbox. < Refer to TURNING RESISTANCE OF GEARBOX , INSPECTION, Steering Gearbox. >	Is the turn resistance of the steering gearbox less than 13 N (1.33 kgf, 2.9 lbf)? Is the difference between right and left sides less than 24%?	Go to step 10 .	Readjust the backlash, and if ineffective, replace the faulty parts.
10 CHECK GEARBOX. Measure the sliding of gearbox. < Refer to SERVICE LIMIT , INSPECTION, Steering Gearbox. >	Is the sliding resistance of the steering gearbox less than 314 N (32 kgf, 71 lbf)? Is the difference between the right and left sliding resistances less than 20%?	Steering effort is normal. Check the suspension.	Readjust the backlash, and if ineffective, replace the faulty parts.