Diagnostic Method

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Purge control solenoid valve stuck open fault diagnosis

DTC

P0457 Evaporative Emission Control System Leak Detected (Fuel Cap Loose/Off)

Purpose of Mode Z

When performing the leakage diagnosis of EVAP system, the purge control solenoid valve must operate normally. Therefore, mode Z is used to diagnose the purge control solenoid valve stuck open condition. Note that if a purge control solenoid valve stuck open fault is detected, the EVAP system leakage diagnosis is cancelled.

Diagnostic method

Purge control solenoid valve functional diagnosis is performed by monitoring the tank pressure in mode Z.

Normality Judgment

Judge as OK and change to Mode A when the criteria below are completed in 3 seconds after Mode Z started.

Judgment Value

JUDGMENT VALUE CHART

Malfunction Criteria	Threshold Value	DTC
(Tank pressure when Mode Z started) -(Tank pressure when Mode Z finished)	≤ 0.4 kPa (3 mmHg, 0.12 inHg)	P0457

Normal

Fig 1: Identifying Diagnostic Method

evptez - evptezha ≤ D.4 kPa (3.0 mmHg, 0.12 inHg)
evptezini - evptezha ≤ 0.4 kPa (3.0 mmHg, 0.12 inHg)

Judge as normal when both calculations are established.

Abnormality Judgment

If OK judgment cannot be made, extend Mode Z 16 seconds more, and Judge as NG when all the criteria below are completed in 16 seconds.

Judgment Value

JUDGMENT VALUE CHART

Malfunction Criteria	Threshold Value	DTC
(Tank pressure when Mode Z started) - (Tank pressure when Mode Z finished)	> 0.6 kPa (4.5 mmHg, 0.18 inHg)	P0457
Tank pressure when Mode Z started	≤ 1.43 kPa(10.7 mmHg, 0.42 inHg)
Time of 2 l or more fuel no sloshing	≥ 40 sec.

Time Needed for Diagnosis: 16 seconds

Malfunction Indicator Light Illumination: Illuminates when malfunction occurs in 2 continuous driving cycles.

When judgment for purge control solenoid valve stuck open NG is made, end the evaporative diagnosis. Cancel the evaporative diagnosis when the OK/NG judgment for purge control solenoid valve stuck open cannot be made in Mode Z.

Purge control solenoid valve Open Fixation

Fig 2: Purge Control Solenoid Valve Open Fixation Graph

evptezini, evptez ≤ 1.43 kPa (10.7 mmHg, 0.42 inHg)
evptez - evptezha ≤ 0.87 kPa (6.5 mmHg, 0.26 inHg)
evptezini - evptezha ≤ 0.87 kPa (6.5 mmHg, 0.26 inHg)
No fuel sloshing of over 2 l (0.53 US gal, 0.44 Imp gal) for 40 seconds or more.

Judge as normal when all are established.

Leak Diagnosis

DTC

P0442 Evaporative Emission Control System Leak Detected (Small Leak)

P0457 Evaporative Emission Control System Leak Detected (Fuel Cap Loose/Off)

Diagnostic method

The diagnostic method consists of creating a sealed vacuum in the fuel tank and then determining the presence of leakage from the speed at which the tank internal pressure returns to atmospheric pressure.
The diagnosis is divided into the following five phases.

Mode A: (Estimated evaporation gas amount)

Calculate the tank pressure change amount (P1) when using mode A. After calculating P1, switch to mode B.

Mode B: (Negative pressure sealed)

Introduce negative pressure in the intake manifold to the tank.

Approximately 0 → -1.4 kPa (0 → -10.5 mmHg, 0 → -0.41 inHg)

When the pressure above (desired negative pressure) is reached, enters Mode C.

In this case, if the tank pressure does not reach the target negative pressure, judge that there is a large leakage (10 seconds or 25 seconds) in the system and terminate the evaporative emission control system diagnosis.

Abnormality Judgment

Judge as NG (large leak) when the criteria below are met.

Judgment Value

JUDGMENT VALUE CHART

Malfunction Criteria	Threshold Value	DTC
Time to reach target negative pressure	≥ 25 sec.	P0457
Or mode B time	≥ 10 sec.
(Min. pressure value in tank when in mode B) - (Tank pressure when mode B started)	< -0.53 kPa (-4 mmHg, -0.16 inHg)

Mode C: (Check pressure rise)

Stop the introduction of negative pressure. (Wait until the tank pressure returns to the start level of P2 calculation.)

Change to Mode D when the tank pressure returns to the start level of P2 calculation.

Judge immediate OK and change to Mode E when it does not return in spite of spending the specified time.

TANK PRESSURE SPECIFICATIONS

Tank pressure when starting calculation of P2	Time for advanced OK judgment
-1.3 kPa (-9.75 mmHg, -0.38 inHg)	15 seconds

Mode D: (Measure amount of negative pressure change)

Monitor the tank pressure change amount when using mode D. In this case, the tank pressure increases, (nears atmospheric pressure) because evaporation occurs. However, if any leakage exists, the pressure increases additionally in proportion to this leakage. The pressure variation of this tank is P2.

After calculating P2, perform a small leak diagnosis according to the items below.

When Mode D is ended

Assign tank variations measured in Mode A and Mode D; P1 and P2, to the formula below, judge small leaks in the system. If the measured judgment value exceeds the threshold value, it is judged to be a malfunction.

Abnormality Judgment

Judge as NG when the criteria below are met and judge as OK when not met, and clear NG.

Judgment Value

JUDGMENT VALUE CHART

Malfunction Criteria

Threshold Value

DTC

P2 - 1.5 x P1

> Value from Map 7

P0442

P2: Tank pressure that changes every 10 seconds in mode D

⁽¹⁾ Threshold value: Map (Remaining Fuel vs Tank temperature)

P1: Tank pressure that changes every 10 seconds in mode A

⁽¹⁾	1.5: Evaporation amount compensation value when below negative pressure (Amount of evaporation occurrence increases as a vacuum condition increases.)

Map 7 Malfunction criteria limit for evaporation diagnosis

FUEL LEVEL SPECIFICATION CHART

Fuel temperature & Fuel level	5°C (41°F)	15°C (59°F)	25°C (77°F)	35°C (95°F)	45°C (113°F)
10 L (2.6 US gal, 2.2 Imp gal)	0.49 kPa (3.68 mmHg, 0.145 inHg)	0.49 kPa (3.68 mmHg, 0.145 inHg)	0.53 kPa (3.95 mmHg, 0.156 inHg)	0.54 kPa (4.07 mmHg, 0.160 inHg)	0.56 kPa (4.17 mmHg, 0.164 inHg)
20 L (5.3 US gal, 4.4 Imp gal)	0.50 kPa (3.77 mmHg, 0.148 inHg)	0.51 kPa (3.79 mmHg, 0.149 inHg)	0.53 kPa (4.01 mmHg, 0.158 inHg)	0.56 kPa (4.17 mmHg, 0.164 inHg)	0.57 kPa (4.27 mmHg, 0.168 inHg)
30 L (7.9 US gal, 6.6 Imp gal)	0.51 kPa (3.85 mmHg, 0.152 inHg)	0.52 kPa (3.9 mmHg, 0.154 inHg)	0.54 kPa (4.06 mmHg, 0.160 inHg)	0.57 kPa (4.27 mmHg, 0.168 inHg)	0.60 kPa (4.48 mmHg, 0.176 inHg)
40 L (10.6 US gal, 8.8 Imp gal)	0.65 kPa (4.88 mmHg, 0.192 inHg)	0.65 kPa (4.90 mmHg, 0.193 inHg)	0.66 kPa (4.98 mmHg, 0.196 inHg)	0.71 kPa (5.32 mmHg, 0.209 inHg)	0.76 kPa (5.73 mmHg, 0.226 inHg)
50 L (13.2 US gal, 11.0 Imp gal)	0.79 kPa (5.90 mmHg, 0.232 inHg)	0.79 kPa (5.90 mmHg, 0.232 inHg)	0.79 kPa (5.90 mmHg, 0.232 inHg)	0.85 kPa (6.38 mmHg, 0.251 inHg)	0.88 kPa (6.60 mmHg, 0.260 inHg)

Time Needed for Diagnosis: 30-100 seconds

Malfunction Indicator Light Illumination: Illuminates when malfunction occurs in 2 continuous driving cycles.

Leak Diagnosis

DTC

P0456 Evaporative Emission Control System Leak Detected (very small leak)

Diagnostic method

The diagnostic method consists of creating a sealed vacuum in the fuel tank and then determining the presence of leakage from the speed at which the tank internal pressure returns to atmospheric pressure.
The diagnosis is divided into the following five phases.

Mode A: (0 point compensation)

When the pressure in the tank is high, wait until it returns to 0 point (Near 0 mmHg,). Shift to mode B when returned to the 0 point. Cancel the diagnosis when 0 point does not return in the specified time.

Mode B: (Negative pressure introduced)

Introduce negative pressure in the intake manifold to the tank.

Approximately 0 → -2.0 kPa (0 → -15 mmHg, 0 → -0.59 inHg)

When the pressure above (desired negative pressure) is reached, enters Mode C.

When the tank internal pressure does not reach the target negative pressure, the diagnosis is cancelled.

Mode C: (Negative pressure maintained)

Stop the introduction of negative pressure. (Wait until the tank pressure returns to the start level of P2 calculation.)

Change to Mode D either when the tank pressure returns to the start level of P2 calculation, or when the predetermined amount of time has passed.

Mode D: (Calculate the amount of negative pressure change)

Monitor the tank pressure in mode D, calculate (P2) the pressure change in the tank, and measure the time (evpdset) for the tank pressure to return when calculation of P2 is completed. Change to Mode E when the tank pressure returns to the end level of P2 calculation. If it does not return to the P2 calculation end tank internal pressure after the predetermined amount of time has passed, make advanced OK judgment or cancel the diagnosis.

Normality Judgment

Judge as OK when the criteria below are met.

Judgment Value

JUDGMENT VALUE CHART

Malfunction Criteria	Threshold Value
Advanced OK judgment 1
Mode D time	≥ 30 sec.
Tank internal pressure	≤-1.8 kPa (-13.4 mmHg, -0.53 inHg)
Advanced OK judgment 2
Mode D time	≥ 200 sec.
P2	≤ 0.9 - 1.3 kPa (7 - 9.6 mmHg, 0.28 - 0.38 inHg)

Mode E: (Evaporation occurrence amount calculation)

Calculate the change of tank pressure (P1) with the time evpdset to judge as NG/OK according to the value of P1. (ambiguous determination acceptable).

Abnormality Judgment

Judge as NG when the malfunction criteria below are met.

Judgment Value

JUDGMENT VALUE CHART

Malfunction Criteria	Threshold Value
P1	< Value from Map 7 * Threshold value: Map (Remaining fuel vs. evpdset)

Map 7 Malfunction criteria limit for evaporation diagnosis

FUEL LEVEL SPECIFICATION CHART

Time (evpdset) & Fuel level	0 seconds	30 seconds	80 seconds	100 seconds	150 seconds	200 seconds
10 L (2.6 US gal, 2.2 Imp gal)	0 kPa (0 mmHg, 0 inHg)	0.21 kPa (1.6 mmHg, 0.063 inHg)	0.29 kPa (2.2 mmHg, 0.087 inHg)	0.29 kPa (2.2 mmHg, 0.087 inHg)	0.29 kPa (2.2 mmHg, 0.087 inHg)	0.29 kPa (2.2 mmHg, 0.087 inHg)
30 L (7.9 US gal, 6.6 Imp gal)	0 kPa (0 mmHg, 0 inHg)	0.21 kPa (1.6 mmHg, 0.063 inHg)	0.29 kPa (2.2 mmHg, 0.087 inHg)	0.29 kPa (2.2 mmHg, 0.087 inHg)	0.29 kPa (2.2 mmHg, 0.087 inHg)	0 kPa (0 mmHg, 0 inHg)
50 L (13.2 US gal, 11.0 Imp gal)	0 kPa (0 mmHg, 0 inHg)	0.24 kPa (1.8 mmHg, 0.071 inHg)	0.29 kPa (2.2 mmHg, 0.087 inHg)	0.29 kPa (2.2 mmHg, 0.087 inHg)	0 kPa (0 mmHg, 0 inHg)	0 kPa (0 mmHg, 0 inHg)

Normality Judgment

Judge as OK when the criteria below are met.

Judgment Value

JUDGMENT VALUE CHART

Malfunction Criteria	Threshold Value
P1	> Value from Map 8 * Threshold value: Map (Remaining fuel vs. evpdset)

Map 8 Malfunction criteria limit for evaporation diagnosis

FUEL LEVEL SPECIFICATION CHART

Time (evpdset) vs. Fuel level	0 seconds	30 seconds	80 seconds	100 seconds	150 seconds	200 seconds
10 L (2.6 US gal, 2.2 Imp gal)	0.16 kPa (1.2 mmHg, 0.047 inHg)	0.37 kPa (2.8 mmHg, 0.110 inHg)	0.45 kPa (3.4 mmHg, 0.134 inHg)	0.45 kPa (3.4 mmHg, 0.134 inHg)	0.45 kPa (3.4 mmHg, 0.134 inHg)	0.45 kPa (3.4 mmHg, 0.134 inHg)
30 L (7.9 US gal, 6.6 Imp gal)	0.16 kPa (1.2 mmHg, 0.047 inHg)	0.37 kPa (2.8 mmHg, 0.110 inHg)	0.45 kPa (3.4 mmHg, 0.134 inHg)	0.45 kPa (3.4 mmHg, 0.134 inHg)	0.45 kPa (3.4 mmHg, 0.134 inHg)	0.45 kPa (3.4 mmHg, 0.134 inHg)
50 L (13.2 US gal, 11.0 Imp gal)	0.16 kPa (1.2 mmHg, 0.047 inHg)	0.40 kPa (3 mmHg, 0.118 inHg)	0.45 kPa (3.4 mmHg, 0.134 inHg)	0.45 kPa (3.4 mmHg, 0.134 inHg)	0.45 kPa (3.4 mmHg, 0.134 inHg)	0.45 kPa (3.4 mmHg, 0.134 inHg)

Time Needed for Diagnosis: 65 - 514 seconds

Malfunction Indicator Light Illumination: Illuminates when malfunction occurs in 2 continuous driving cycles.