Crankshaft and Bearing Cleaning and Inspection: Notes

Tools Required

• J 8087  (SA 9178NE-A) Cylinder Bore Gage. See Special Tools .
• J 45059  (SA 9140E) Angle Meter. See Special Tools .

Fig 1: View Of Crankshaft And Bearings
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
IMPORTANT: Use Care when handling the crankshaft. Avoid damage to the crankshaft position sensor reluctor wheel teeth. Nicks, burrs or other damage to the teeth may effect on-board diagnostics (OBD) 2 system performance.
1. Clean the crankshaft of the following elements:
   • Oil
   • Sludge
   • Carbon
2. Inspect the crankshaft oil passages for obstructions.
Fig 2: Inspecting Crankshaft Keyway
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
3. Inspect the crankshaft keyway for the following conditions:
   • A worn crankshaft key (1)
   • A worn crankshaft keyway (2)
4. Inspect the crankshaft threads (3) for damage.
Fig 3: Identifying Different Crankshaft Journal Wear Patterns
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
IMPORTANT: If cracks, severe gouges or burned spots are found, replace the crankshaft. Remove slight roughness using a fine polishing cloth soaked in clean engine oil. Remove any burrs using a fine oil stone.
5. Inspect the crankshaft bearing journals and the crankshaft thrust surfaces for the following conditions:
   • Wear without any grooves or scratches (1)
   • Grooves or scoring (2)
   • Scratches or excessive wear (3)
   • Pitting or embedded bearing material (4)-Inspect the corresponding crankshaft bearing inserts for embedded material and determine the source of the material.
   • Overheating or discoloration
Fig 4: Crankshaft Identification Locations
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
IMPORTANT: This engine has been built with two available crankshafts. It is not recommended by the manufacturer that the two different material crankshafts be interchanged. Engine drivability and performance may be affected in doing so.
6. Inspect the crankshaft for specific materials.
   • If the crankshaft has three digits in location (1) of the graphic then the crankshaft is made in iron.
   • If the crankshaft has five digits in location (2) of the graphic then the crankshaft is make of steel.
Fig 5: View Of Crankshaft Bearings
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
7. The crankshaft bearings are the precision insert type.
8. Inspect the outer surfaces of the crankshaft bearings for the following conditions:
   • Wear-surface wear indicates either movement of the insert, or high spots in the surrounding material - spot wear.
   • Overheating or discoloration
   • Looseness or rotation indicated by flattened tangs and wear grooves
Fig 6: Identifying Crankshaft Bearing Craters Or Pockets
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
IMPORTANT: Note the location of the crankshaft main bearing high spots. If the spots are not in line, the crankshaft is bent. Replace the crankshaft.
9. Inspect the crankshaft main bearings for craters or pockets. Flattened sections on the crankshaft bearing halves also indicate fatigue.
10. Inspect the thrust surfaces of the main thrust bearing for the following conditions:
    • Wear
    • Grooving-Grooves are caused by irregularities of the crankshaft thrust surface.
Fig 7: Identifying Connecting Rod Bearing Scoring Or Discoloration
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
11. Inspect the crankshaft bearings for excessive scoring or discoloration.
12. Inspect the crankshaft main bearings for dirt or imbedded debris.
Fig 8: Crankshaft Bearing Polished Sections (Improper Seating)
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
13. Inspect the crankshaft main bearings for improper seating indicated by bright, polished sections.
14. Inspect the crankshaft bearings for uneven side-to-side wear. This may indicate a bent crankshaft or a tapered bearing journal.
Fig 9: Inspecting Crankshaft Main Bearing Bores
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
IMPORTANT: If crankshaft bearing failure is due to conditions other than normal wear, investigate the cause of the condition. Inspect the crankshaft or connecting rod bearing bores.
15. Inspect the connecting rod bearing bores or crankshaft main bearing bores using the following procedure:
    1. Tighten the bearing cap to specification.
    2. Use the J 8087  (SA 9178NE-A) in order to measure the bearing bore for taper and out-of-round. See Special Tools . Record the readings for bearing selection.
    3. No taper or out-of-round should exist.