Troubleshooting on the exhaust turbocharger: Introduction
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For charged engines, exhaust turbochargers are of significant importance to the power development. The turbochargers deliver the charging pressure that is required by the engines. Depending on the system (one-phase or multi-phase), one or more turbochargers are installed. However, the function of the turbocharger greatly depends on the proper function of other components in the periphery.
This document describes the sources of fault on the actual exhaust turbocharger as well as the factors influencing and causing faults in the periphery.
The following pictures show examples for the schematic structure of one-phase or multi-phase systems with the subsequently required actuators.
TROUBLESHOOTING REFERENCE (ONE PHASE SYSTEM)
| 1 | Compressor |
| 2 | Turbine |
| 3 | Exhaust gas |
| 4 | Fresh air |
TROUBLESHOOTING REFERENCE (TWO PHASE SYSTEM)
| 1 | Compressor bypass plate |
| 2 | Compressor high-pressure stage |
| 3 | Turbine high-pressure stage |
| 4 | Turbine control flap |
| 5 | Wastegate valve |
| 6 | Exhaust gas |
| 7 | Turbine low-pressure stage |
| 8 | Compressor low-pressure stage |
| 9 | Fresh air |
| 10 | Low pressure compressor bypass flap |
TROUBLESHOOTING REFERENCE (TURBOCHARGER)
| 1 | Turbine housing |
| 2 | Turbine wheel |
| 3 | Variable blades |
| 4 | Adjusting ring |
| 5 | Oil inlet journal |
| 6 | Adjusting lever |
| 7 | Electrical turbocharger pressure adjuster |
| 8 | Compressor housing |
| 9 | Compressor |
| 10 | Thrust bearing |
| 11 | Shaft |
| 12 | Radial bearing |
| 13 | Oil supply |