32 11... Notes on checking steering backlash on vehicles with rack-and-pinion steering (with front axle raised)

WARNING: This page does not describe the selected car, but rather 14 other vehicles, including the 2013 BMW 328xi, 2013 BMW 328i, 2012 BMW 328xi, 2012 BMW 328i, and 2011 BMW 328xi. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.

NOTE: When the front axle is raised, the applied force is distributed via the tie rod into horizontal and vertical forces. If there is now no electric or hydraulic assistance, the forces created cause the thrust member (1) to be unloaded against the spring (2). The play created in this way is incorrectly referred to as steering backlash.

3 = Rack

Fig 1: Identifying Thrust Member, Spring And Rack

Courtesy of BMW OF NORTH AMERICA, INC.

IMPORTANT: Target status: steering must be free from play in all the mechanical components (except for steering gear and tie rod)!

NOTE: For checking purposes, the steering gear must be pressurized by means of electric or hydraulic assistance.

Hydraulic steering assistance: Start engine
Electro-hydraulic steering assistance: Switch ignition on
Electric steering assistance: Turn on ignition and start engine