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Pinpoint Test A: The Engine Does Not Crank

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2007 Mercury Mariner and 2007 Ford Escape. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.
  1. A1 CHECK THE CONDITION OF THE PATS 
    • Observe the PATS warning indicator.
    • Does the indicator flash when attempting to start the vehicle? 
    1. YES  : REFER to ANTI-THEFT - PATS article to diagnose the PATS DTCs.
    2. NO  : Go to  A2.
  2. A2 CHECK THE BATTERY 
    1. YES  : Go to  A3.
    2. NO  : CHARGE or INSTALL a new battery as necessary. REFER to BATTERY, MOUNTING AND CABLES article. TEST the system for normal operation.
  3. A3 CHECK THE BATTERY GROUND CABLE 
      Fig 1: Checking Battery Ground Cable
      GF0005963Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Measure the voltage between the positive battery post and the battery ground cable connection at the engine.
    • Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A4.
    2. NO  : INSTALL a new battery ground cable. REFER to BATTERY, MOUNTING AND CABLES article. TEST the system for normal operation.
  4. A4 CHECK STARTER MOTOR GROUND 
      Fig 2: Checking Starter Motor Ground
      GF0005964Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Measure the voltage between the positive battery post and the starter motor case.
    • Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A5.
    2. NO  : CLEAN the starter motor mounting flange and make sure the starter motor is correctly mounted. TEST the system for normal operation.
  5. A5 CHECK THE POWER SUPPLY TO THE STARTER MOTOR 
      Fig 3: Checking Power Supply To Starter Motor
      GF0000667Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Measure the voltage between starter motor C197A, circuit 2037 (RD) and ground.
    • Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A6.
    2. NO  : INSTALL a new positive battery cable. REFER to BATTERY, MOUNTING AND CABLES article. TEST the system for normal operation.
  6. A6 CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR B-PIN 
      Fig 4: Checking Starter Motor B-PIN
      GF0000668Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Connect one end of a fused (30A) jumper wire to starter motor C197A, circuit 2037 (RD). Momentarily connect the other end of the jumper to starter motor C197B, circuit 33 (WH/PK).
    • Did the starter motor engage and the engine crank? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A7.
    2. NO  : INSTALL a new starter motor. REFER to Starter Motor - 2.3L  or Starter Motor - 3.0L . TEST the system for normal operation.
  7. A7 CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR RELAY 
    • Key in OFF position.
    • Disconnect: Starter Motor Relay
    • Carry out the component test on the starter motor relay.
    • Is the starter motor relay OK? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A8.
    2. NO  : INSTALL a new starter motor relay. TEST the system for normal operation.
  8. A8 CHECK STARTER MOTOR RELAY POWER 
      Fig 5: Checking Circuit For Voltage
      GF0024464Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Measure the voltage between the battery junction box (BJB) starter motor relay pin 30, circuit 16 (RD/LG) harness side and ground.
    • Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A9.
    2. NO  : REPAIR the circuit. TEST the system for normal operation.
  9. A9 CHECK THE START SIGNAL TO THE STARTER MOTOR RELAY 
      Fig 6: Checking Circuit For Voltage
      GF0024465Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
      NOTE: For manual transaxle, fully disengage the clutch.
    • Measure the voltage between the BJB starter motor relay pin 85, circuit 1093 (TN/RD), harness side and ground with the ignition switch in the START position.
    • Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A10.
    2. NO  : For A/T, go to  A14 .

      For M/T, go to  A18 .

  10. A10 CHECK THE GROUND SIGNAL TO THE STARTER RELAY 
      Fig 7: Checking Circuit For Voltage
      GF0024466Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Measure the voltage between the BJB starter relay pin 85, circuit 1093 (TN/RD) and pin 86, circuit 32 (RD/LB), while placing the ignition switch in the START position.
    • Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A12.
    2. NO  : Go to  A11.
  11. A11 CHECK CIRCUIT 32 (RD/LB) FOR AN OPEN 
    • Disconnect: PCM C175B
      • Fig 8: Checking Circuit For Open
      GF0024467Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Measure the resistance between the BJB starter relay pin 86, circuit 32 (RD/LB), harness side and PCM C175B-2, circuit 32 (RD/LB), harness side.
    • Is the resistance less than 5 ohms? 
    1. YES  : INSTALL a new PCM.
    2. NO  : REPAIR the circuit. TEST the system for normal operation.
  12. A12 CHECK THE CIRCUIT TO THE STARTER MOTOR 
    • Key in OFF position.
    • Disconnect: Starter Solenoid C197b
      • Fig 9: Checking Circuit For Open
      GF0024468Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Measure the resistance between starter solenoid S-terminal C197b, circuit 33 (WH/PK) harness side and the BJB starter motor relay pin 87, circuit 33 (WH/PK) harness side.
    • Is the resistance less than 5 ohms? 
    1. YES  : REINSTALL the starter motor relay. Go to  A13 .
    2. NO  : REPAIR the circuit. TEST the system for normal operation.
  13. A13 CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR GROUND CIRCUIT 
    • Connect: Starter Solenoid C197b
    • Carry out the Starter Motor - Ground Circuit Test. Refer to the component test.
    • Is the starter motor ground circuit OK? 
    1. YES  : CARRY OUT the Starter Motor - Motor Feed Circuit test. REFER to Component Tests .
    2. NO  : REPAIR or INSTALL a new battery ground cable and/or engine ground cable as necessary. TEST the system for normal operation.
  14. A14 CHECK THE LINKAGE ADJUSTMENT 
    1. YES  : Go to  A15.
    2. NO  : ADJUST the linkage. TEST the system for normal operation.
  15. A15 VERIFY THE TRANSMISSION RANGE (TR) SENSOR ADJUSTMENT 
    1. YES  : ADJUST the TR sensor. TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. NO  : Go to  A16.
  16. A16 CHECK THE VOLTAGE TO THE TR SENSOR 
    • Disconnect: TR Sensor C167
    • Key in START position.
      • Fig 10: Checking Circuit For Voltage
      GF0024469Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Measure the voltage between TR sensor C167-4, circuit 306 (TN/LB), harness side and ground with the ignition switch in the START position.
    • Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A17.
    2. NO  : REPAIR the circuit. TEST the system for normal operation.
  17. A17 CHECK THE CIRCUIT BETWEEN THE TR SENSOR AND THE STARTER MOTOR RELAY 
    • Key in OFF position.
      • Fig 11: Checking Circuit For Open
      GF0024470Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Measure the resistance between TR sensor C167-9, circuit 1093 (TN/RD), harness side and the BJB starter motor relay pin 85, circuit 1093 (TN/RD) harness side.
    • Is the resistance less than 5 ohms? 
    1. YES  : INSTALL a new TR sensor. REFER to AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE/TRANSMISSION - CD4E article. TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. NO  : REPAIR the circuit. TEST the system for normal operation.
  18. A18 CHECK THE VOLTAGE TO THE CLUTCH CUTOFF SWITCH 
    • Key in OFF position.
    • Disconnect: Clutch Cutoff Switch C2072
    • Key in START position.
      • Fig 12: Checking Circuit For Voltage
      GF0024471Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Measure the voltage between clutch cutoff switch C2072-1, circuit 306A (TN/LB), harness side and ground with the ignition switch in the START position.
    • Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A19.
    2. NO  : REPAIR the circuit. TEST the system for normal operation.
  19. A19 CHECK THE CIRCUIT BETWEEN THE CLUTCH CUTOFF SWITCH AND THE STARTER MOTOR RELAY 
    • Key in OFF position.
      • Fig 13: Checking Circuit For Open
      GF0024472Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Measure the resistance between clutch cutoff switch C2072-2, circuit 1093 (TN/RD) harness side and the BJB starter motor relay pin 85, circuit 1093 (TN/RD) harness side.
    • Is the resistance less than 5 ohms?  
    1. YES  : INSTALL a new clutch cutoff switch. TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. NO  : REPAIR the circuit. TEST the system for normal operation.
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