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Pinpoint Test A: The Engine Does Not Crank

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2008 Mercury Mariner and 2008 Ford Escape. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.
  1. A1 CHECK THE BATTERY 
    1. YES  : Go to  A2.
    2. NO  : CHARGE or INSTALL a new battery as necessary. REFER to BATTERY, MOUNTING AND CABLES article. TEST the system for normal operation.
  2. A2 CHECK FOR PASSIVE ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM (PATS) DTCs 
      NOTE: PATS system DTCs are the only DTCs of concern in this step. Only repair retrieved non-PATS DTCs if a customer concern is reported.
    • Check for PATS DTCs.
    • Were any PATS DTCs retrieved? 
    1. YES  : REFER to ANTI-THEFT - PASSIVE ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM (PATS) article to diagnose the PATS DTCs.
    2. NO  : Go to  A3.
  3. A3 CHECK THE BATTERY GROUND CABLE 
    • Measure the voltage between the positive battery post and the battery ground cable connection at the engine.
      • Fig 1: Checking Battery Ground Cable
      GF0005963Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A4.
    2. NO  : INSTALL a new battery ground cable. REFER to BATTERY, MOUNTING AND CABLES article. TEST the system for normal operation.
  4. A4 CHECK STARTER MOTOR GROUND 
    • Measure the voltage between the positive battery post and the starter motor case.
      • Fig 2: Checking Starter Motor Ground
      GF0005964Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A5.
    2. NO  : CLEAN the starter motor mounting flange and make sure the starter motor is correctly mounted. TEST the system for normal operation.
  5. A5 CHECK THE POWER SUPPLY TO THE STARTER MOTOR 
    • Measure the voltage between starter motor C197A, circuit SDC02 (RD) and ground.
      • Fig 3: Measuring Voltage
      GF0000667Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A6.
    2. NO  : INSTALL a new positive battery cable. REFER to BATTERY, MOUNTING AND CABLES article. TEST the system for normal operation.
  6. A6 CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR B-PIN 
    • Connect one end of a fused (30A) jumper wire to starter motor C197A, circuit SDC02 (RD). Momentarily connect the other end of the jumper to starter motor C197B, circuit CDC25 (BN/GN).
      • Fig 4: Checking Starter Motor B-Pin
      GF0000668Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Did the starter motor engage and the engine crank? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A7.
    2. NO  : INSTALL a new starter motor. REFER to Starter Motor - 2.3L  or Starter Motor - 3.0L . TEST the system for normal operation.
  7. A7 CHECK STARTER MOTOR RELAY POWER 
    CAUTION: Use the correct probe adapter(s) when making measurements. Failure to use the correct probe adapter(s) may damage the connector.
    • Disconnect: Starter Motor Relay
    • Measure the voltage between battery junction box (BJB) starter motor relay pin 3, circuit SBB11 (BU/RD), harness side and ground.
      • Fig 5: Measuring Voltage
      GF0042200Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A8.
    2. NO  : REPAIR circuit SBB11 (BU/RD). TEST the system for normal operation.
  8. A8 CHECK STARTER MOTOR RELAY  
    • Carry out the Starter Motor Relay Component Test. Refer to appropriate COMPONENT TESTING article.
    • Did the starter motor relay pass the component test? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A9.
    2. NO  : INSTALL a new starter motor relay. TEST the system for normal operation.
  9. A9 CHECK THE CIRCUIT TO THE STARTER MOTOR 
    • Key in OFF position.
    • Disconnect: Starter Motor Solenoid C197b
    • Measure the resistance between starter motor solenoid S-terminal C197b, circuit CDC25 (BN/GN), harness side and the BJB starter motor relay pin 5, circuit CDC25 (BN/GN), harness side.
      • Fig 6: Measuring Resistance
      GF0042201Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the resistance less than 5 ohms? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A10.
    2. NO  : REPAIR circuit CDC25 (BN/GN). TEST the system for normal operation.
  10. A10 CHECK CIRCUIT CDC35 (BU/WH) FOR VOLTAGE 
    • Connect: Starter Motor Solenoid C197b
    • Connect: Starter Motor Relay
    • Disconnect: Starter Diode
    • Measure the voltage between BJB starter diode cell, circuit CDC35 (BU/WH) and ground with the ignition switch in the START position.
      • Fig 7: Measuring Voltage
      GF0042202Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A13.
    2. NO  : Go to  A11.
  11. A11 CHECK CIRCUIT SBB27 (BU/RD) FOR VOLTAGE 
    • Disconnect: Ignition Switch C250
    • Measure the voltage between ignition switch C250-4, circuit SBP27 (BU/RD), harness side and ground.
      • Fig 8: Measuring Voltage
      GF0042203Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A12.
    2. NO  : REPAIR circuit SBP27 (BU/RD). TEST the system for normal operation.
  12. A12 CHECK THE IGNITION SWITCH 
    • Carry out the Ignition Switch Component Test. Refer to appropriate COMPONENT TESTING article.
    • Did the ignition switch pass the component test? 
    1. YES  : REPAIR circuit CDC35 (BU/WH) for an open. TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. NO  : INSTALL a new ignition switch. REFER to STEERING COLUMN SWITCHES article. TEST the system for normal operation.
  13. A13 CHECK THE STARTER DIODE 
    • Carry out a Starter Diode test.
      • Fig 9: Carrying Out Starter Diode Test
      GF0042204Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the starter diode open or shorted? 
    1. YES  : INSTALL a new starter diode. TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. NO  : Go to  A14.
  14. A14 CHECK THE START SIGNAL TO THE STARTER MOTOR RELAY 
    • Connect: OTIS Diode
    • Disconnect: Starter Motor Relay
      NOTE: For manual transaxle, fully disengage the clutch.
    • Measure the voltage between the BJB starter motor relay pin 2, circuit CDC37 (GY/VT), harness side and ground with the ignition switch in the START position.
      • Fig 10: Measuring Voltage
      GF0042205Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A15.
    2. NO  : For automatic transaxle, go to  A16.

      For manual transaxle, go to  A20.

  15. A15 CHECK CIRCUIT CDC12 (YE) FOR AN OPEN 
    • Disconnect: PCM C175B
    • Measure the resistance between the BJB starter relay pin 1, circuit CDC12 (YE), harness side and PCM C175B-2, circuit CDC12 (YE), harness side.
      • Fig 11: Measuring Resistance
      GF0042206Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the resistance less than 5 ohms? 
    1. YES  : INSTALL a new PCM. REFER to ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROLS - 2.3L article or ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROLS - 3.0L (4V) article.
    2. NO  : REPAIR circuit CDC12 (YE). TEST the system for normal operation.
  16. A16 CHECK THE LINKAGE ADJUSTMENT 
    1. YES  : Go to  A17.
    2. NO  : ADJUST the linkage. TEST the system for normal operation.
  17. A17 VERIFY THE TR SENSOR ADJUSTMENT 
    1. YES  : ADJUST the TR sensor. TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. NO  : Go to  A18.
  18. A18 CHECK THE VOLTAGE TO THE TR SENSOR 
    • Disconnect: TR Sensor C167
    • Key in START position.
    • Measure the voltage between TR sensor C167-4, circuit CE619 (BU/BN), harness side and ground with the ignition switch in the START position.
      Fig 12: Checking Circuit For Voltage
      GF0024469Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A19.
    2. NO  : REPAIR circuit CE619 (BU/BN) from the TR sensor to the BJB. TEST the system for normal operation.
  19. A19 CHECK THE CIRCUIT BETWEEN THE TR SENSOR AND THE STARTER MOTOR RELAY 
    • Key in OFF position.
    • Measure the resistance between TR sensor C167-9, circuit CDC37 (GY/VT), harness side and the BJB starter motor relay pin 2, circuit CDC37 (GY/VT) harness side.
      • Fig 13: Measuring Resistance
      GF0042207Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the resistance less than 5 ohms? 
    1. YES  : INSTALL a new TR sensor. REFER to AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE/TRANSMISSION - CD4E article. TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. NO  : REPAIR circuit CDC37 (GY/VT). TEST the system for normal operation.
  20. A20 CHECK THE VOLTAGE TO THE CLUTCH CUTOFF SWITCH 
    • Key in OFF position.
    • Disconnect: Clutch Cutoff Switch C2072
    • Key in START position.
    • Measure the voltage between clutch cutoff switch C2072-1, circuit CE619 (BU/BN), harness side and ground with the ignition switch in the START position.
      • Fig 14: Measuring Voltage
      GF0042208Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    1. YES  : Go to  A21.
    2. NO  : REPAIR the circuit CE619 (BU/BN) from the clutch cutoff switch to the BJB. TEST the system for normal operation.
  21. A21 CHECK THE CIRCUIT BETWEEN THE CLUTCH CUTOFF SWITCH AND THE STARTER MOTOR RELAY 
    • Key in OFF position.
    • Measure the resistance between clutch cutoff switch C2072-2, circuit CDC37 (GY/VT), harness side and the BJB starter motor relay pin 2, circuit CDC37 (GY/VT) harness side.
      • Fig 15: Measuring Resistance
      GF0042209Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the resistance less than 5 ohms?  
    1. YES  : INSTALL a new clutch cutoff switch. TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. NO  : REPAIR circuit CDC37 (GY/VT). TEST the system for normal operation.
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