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Exhaust Treatment Function - GF14.00-P-3000OLG

ENGINE 651.9 in MODEL 166 up to model year 2016 

Function requirements for exhaust treatment, general points 

Exhaust treatment, general 

The task of exhaust treatment is to reduce the exhaust emissions:

Pollutant reduction is supported by the following subfunctions:

The CDI control unit (N3/9) reads in signals from the following sensors:

Function sequence for exhaust treatment 

The following subsystems are involved in exhaust treatment:

Function sequence for oxidation catalytic converter 

The oxidation catalytic converter reduces the amount of hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), and, on vehicles (with code 474 (Particulate filter), generates the required thermal energy for the DPF regeneration phase by afterburning.

Function sequence for diesel particulate filter (DPF) 

The diesel particulate filter consists of a ceramic honeycomb filter body made out of silicon carbide, which is coated with rare metal platinum. The passages of the diesel particulate filter are opened alternately at the front and rear and are separated from each other through the porous filter walls of the honeycomb filter body.

The precleaned exhaust which has passed though the oxidation catalytic converter flows into the ducts of the DPF which are open to the front and passes through the porous filter walls of the honeycomb filter body into the ducts which are open to the rear. After this, the cleaned and filtered exhaust is dissipated through the exhaust system. The soot particles are retained in the honeycomb filter body of the DPF.

If the soot particle content exceeds a map-based value, the CDI control unit will start the regeneration phase provided the prerequisites for regeneration are given. The CDI control unit receives the information on soot particle content in the DPF via the DPF differential pressure sensor ().

Regeneration takes place by means of a periodical increase of the exhaust temperature. For this purpose, the following functions are initiated by the CDI control unit:

The soot particles retained in the DPF are mostly burnt off to produce carbon dioxide (CO2 ) by increasing the exhaust temperature. The ash produced remains in the DPF. On vehicles (with code 474 (Particulate filter)), the exhaust temperature is monitored during regeneration by the temperature sensor upstream of the ATL and by the temperature sensor upstream of the diesel particulate filter.

Through the exhaust pressure lines upstream and downstream of the DPF, the DPF differential pressure sensor determines the pressure differential between the exhaust gas pressure upstream and downstream of the DPF. The soot particle content in the DPF is determined using a characteristics map on the basis of the pressure differential and the exhaust mass calculated by the CDI control unit. Necessary maintenance of the DPF is signaled via chassis CAN 1, the electronic ignition lock control unit and chassis CAN 2 (CAN E2) by the engine diagnosis indicator lamp (A1 e58) in IC (A1).

IMPORTANT On short-distance trips, regeneration is interrupted and distributed over several driving cycles. This means that more heating-up phases up to the required regeneration temperature will occur. Regeneration occurs unnoticeably by the customer.

Function sequence for SCR catalytic converter (with code U42 (BLUETEC (SCR) diesel exhaust treatment)) 

The exhaust gases expelled from the engine are cleaned in an oxidation catalytic converter, a diesel particulate filter (DPF) and a reduction catalytic converter (Selective Catalytic Reduction) SCR catalytic converter.

Oxidation in the oxidation catalytic converter converts the CO and HC to CO2 and water (H2 O). The diesel particulate filter consists of a ceramic honeycomb filter body made out of silicon carbide, which is coated with rare metal platinum.

The passages of the diesel particulate filter are opened alternately at the front and rear and are separated from each other through the porous filter walls of the honeycomb filter body.

The precleaned exhaust which has passed though the oxidation catalytic converter flows into the ducts of the DPF which are open to the front and passes through the porous filter walls of the honeycomb filter body into the ducts which are open to the rear. The soot particles are retained in the honeycomb filter body of the DPF. During the DPF regeneration phase, the higher exhaust temperature burns off the retained soot particles.

The AdBlue® reduction agent is injected upstream of the SCR catalytic converter and is converted to ammonia (NH3 ) through thermal decomposition (heat-induced chemical reaction) and hydrolysis (water-induced chemical reaction).

There is a mixing element between the AdBlue® metering valve (Y129) and the SCR catalytic converter. This improves the hydrolysis of the AdBlue® reduction agent and ensures more uniform distribution of the AdBlue® upstream of the SCR catalytic converter.

In the SCR catalytic converter, the NOx contained in the exhaust is converted together with the NH3 to molecular nitrogen (N2 ) and H2 O.

The CDI control unit calculates the quantity of reduction agent required based on a characteristics map and sends it via drive train sensor CAN to the AdBlue® control unit (N118/5). This control unit then initiates map-based injection of the calculated quantity of AdBlue® reducing agent through the AdBlue® metering valve.

IMPORTANT The conversion rate of the NOx portion in the exhaust is dependent on the temperature and can be up 80%. Soot portion is reduced by approx. 99%.

The CDI control units determines the load condition of the DPF via the DPF differential pressure sensor. If the soot content exceeds a characteristics map-based value, the CDI control unit will start the regeneration phase provided the prerequisites for regeneration are given. Regeneration is performed by periodically raising the exhaust temperature with another post injection.

Raising the exhaust temperature causes most of the soot particles stored in the DPF to be burnt off to CO2 .

The noncombustible ash remains in the DPF. During regeneration, the exhaust temperature is monitored by the temperature sensor upstream of the ATL and by the temperature sensor upstream of the diesel particulate filter. Necessary maintenance of the DPF is signaled by the engine diagnosis indicator lamp in the instrument cluster.

IMPORTANT If the "Reserve" fill level in the AdBlue® tank is reached, the driver is informed parallel to an audible signal over the multifunction display (A1 p13) that he must find a workshop and have the required maintenance work done.

IMPORTANT If the "empty" level is reached in the AdBlue® container, the plausibility check of the "empty" fill level is checked using a computer model. If the plausibility check also results in an "empty" fill level, an acoustic signal is given in parallel, an entry is made in the fault memory of the control unit (CDI), and the engine diagnosis indicator lamp is lit on the instrument cluster. The driver then has up to 20 engine starts available, with an assumed trip distance of 32 kilometers in each case. The number of standing starts is displayed in the instrument cluster. The vehicle can no longer be started after the last remaining "Start".

Function sequence for intake port shutoff 

The intake port shutoff (EKAS) achieves the best possible relation between eddy and air mass in all load conditions of the engine.

For idle speed control the CDI control unit reads in signals from the following sensors:

After evaluating the input signals, the CDI control unit actuates the intake port shutoff actuator motor (M55) by means of a pulse width modulated (PWM) signal. In the lower engine speed and engine load range, half of the intake ports (2 intake ports per cylinder available) are closed by means of the intake port shutoff flaps.

In the open intake ports, the flow rate is thus increased. This leads to a higher swirl which creates a better vortex. This improves combustion and also contributes to reducing the soot particles in the exhaust gas. As engine speed and load increases, the closed intake ports open continuously, so that the best possible relation between air eddying and air mass is provided for each operating phase of the engine. In this way, the exhaust characteristics and the engine performance are optimized.

IMPORTANT If there is a fault or discontinuity in the supply voltage, the flaps are opened by spring force.

  Electrical function schematic for exhaust treatment   PE14.00-P-2051-97NAA
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