Principles of Operation
The Expedition and Navigator instrument clusters are configurable, hybrid electronic clusters (HEC) that contain a microprocessor, gauges, indicator lamps, and internal circuitry. The instrument cluster is non-repairable at the dealership level with the exception of the warning indicator bulbs on the Expedition only and the instrument cluster lens on both the Expedition and Navigator clusters. The instrument cluster utilizes hardwired circuitry, the standard corporate protocol (SCP), and universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter (UART)-based protocol (UBP) communication networks. Communication using the SCP network transmits and receives data between the instrument cluster, the powertrain control module (PCM), and the anti-lock brake system/traction control/integrated vehicle dynamics (ABS/TC/IVD) module. Communication using the UBP network utilizes data transmitted and received by the instrument cluster and the four-wheel drive control module, power liftgate module (Navigator only), parking aid module, air suspension module, vehicle security module, driver seat module and the electronic air temperature control (EATC). For additional information regarding the SCP and UBP communication networks, refer to MODULE COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK .
It is very important to understand:
- Where the input originates from.
- All the information necessary in order for a feature to operate.
- Which module(s) receive(s) the input or command message.
- Does the module which received the input control the output of the feature, or does it output a message over the SCP or UBP network to another module?
- Which module controls the output of the feature.
The instrument cluster carries out a display prove-out to verify that the warning/indicator lamps and monitored systems are operating correctly. When the ignition switch is turned to the ON position with the engine off, the following indicators will illuminate:
- 4x4 HIGH indicator
- 4x4 LOW indicator
- anti-lock brake system (ABS) warning indicator
- Air bag warning indicator
- BRAKE warning indicator
- Oil pressure warning indicator
- Coolant temperature warning indicator
- Low fuel warning indicator
- CHECK GAGE warning indicator
- Low washer fluid indicator
- Traction control indicator
- Check tires indicator
- Door ajar indicator