Engine Oil Lubrication
Lubrication System Components
| ITEM | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| 1 | Oil supply pipe - Turbocharger |
| 2 | Oil filter and housing |
| 3 | Oil cooler |
| 4 | Piston cooling oil jets solenoid |
| 5 | Piston cooling oil jet (quantity 4) |
| 6 | Variable flow oil pump with integral vacuum pump |
| 7 | Variable flow oil pump inlet pipe |
| 8 | Variable flow oil pump solenoid electrical connector |
| 9 | Primary timing chain oil jet |
| 10 | Secondary timing chain oil jet |
| 11 | Oil return pipe - Turbocharger |
Variable Flow Oil Pump With Integral Vacuum Pump
| ITEM | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| 1 | Vacuum exhaust valve |
| 2 | Engine oil outlet to cylinder block |
| 3 | Center plate |
| 4 | Oil pressure control solenoid |
| 5 | Control ring |
| 6 | Vanes and rotor assembly |
| 7 | Oil pump cover |
| 8 | Oil pump inlet pipe |
| 9 | Control spring |
| 10 | Oil pump housing |
| 11 | Vacuum port connection to cylinder block |
| 12 | Vacuum pump vanes |
| 13 | Vacuum pump housing |
| 14 | Oil pump drive sprocket |
| 15 | Bolt |
| 16 | Control ring oil pressure surface |
| 17 | Oil pump rotor |
| 18 | Oil pump vane (quantity 7) |
The variable flow oil pump with integral vacuum pump is attached to the cylinder block with 4 bolts. The input shaft of the variable flow oil pump with integral vacuum pump has a sprocket driven from the front of the crankshaft. The sprocket is driven by an auxiliary chain, at 0.84 times engine speed.
Variable Flow Oil Pump
The variable flow oil pump draws oil from the oil pan through a centrally installed inlet pipe. The oil is pressurized and pumped through a bore in the cylinder block. After passing through an anti-drain valve and an oil cooler, the oil is filtered by a replaceable oil filter element. The oil filter element is installed in the oil filter housing.
The variable flow oil pump is a vane cell pump with an eccentrically mounted control ring. The variable flow oil pump has a volumetric flow control mechanism to reduce the required drive output. The flow delivery can be adjusted using the control ring. Applying oil pressure to the control ring allows it to be adjusted against the force of an opposing control spring.
The eccentricity of the control ring can be decreased or increased, with increasing eccentricity increasing the output flow. The output of the variable flow oil pump is adjusted appropriate to engine load and speed to reduce load on the engine. An oil pressure control solenoid adjusts the oil pressure to the control ring to adjust the output flow. The oil pressure control solenoid is operated by a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal from the Powertrain Control Module (PCM).
Vacuum Pump
The vacuum pump is tandem to the oil pump, connected to the vacuum harness through a drilling in the cylinder block and a vacuum connector. The vacuum produced by the vacuum pump is used to provide a vacuum for the brake booster on the braking system.
The vacuum pump extracts air from the brake booster through a vacuum pipe from the brake booster and a port in the cylinder block. The air extracted from the brake booster flows through the vacuum pipe connector which is equipped with a 1-way valve. The 1-way valve prevents oil ingress into the brake system. The air is vented into the cylinder block through a vacuum exhaust valve.
Oil Filter And Housing
| ITEM | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| 1 | Cap - Oil filter |
| 2 | Oil filter element |
| 3 | Seal |
| 4 | Oil filter housing |
| 5 | Oil pressure and temperature sensor |
| 6 | Cylinder block connections |
The oil filter and housing is an aluminium casting which is installed on the front of the cylinder block. The housing is secured to the cylinder head and cylinder block with 3 bolts.
The oil filter housing has 3 ports which connect with corresponding ports on the cylinder block. The 2 ports provide the engine oil supply pipe and oil delivery pipe connections and are sealed with floating pipe seals. The third port is for service oil drain when the oil filter element is replaced.
A replaceable cartridge oil filter element is located in the oil filter housing. A plastic cap seals the oil filter element to the oil filter housing. The oil filter element has an integral by-pass valve. When the oil filter element becomes contaminated, to the point that oil flow is restricted, the by-pass valve opens. The by-pass valve allows oil to flow through the oil filter housing to avoid starving the engine of engine oil.
The oil filter housing has a service drain facility. When the oil filter cap is unscrewed 3 to 4 turns, a drain hole opens and the engine oil drains into the oil pan. The service drain facility allows the oil filter element to be removed with no oil contamination of the engine or surroundings.
Oil Cooler
| ITEM | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| 1 | Engine coolant outlet |
| 2 | Engine coolant inlet from cylinder block |
| 3 | Outlet - Engine oil |
| 4 | Inlet - Engine oil |
The oil cooler is located on the side of the cylinder block, below the turbocharger. The oil cooler is sealed to the cylinder block with a metal gasket and secured with 7 bolts.
There are 3 ports on the underside of the oil cooler:
- An engine oil inlet
- An engine oil outlet
- An engine coolant inlet.
There is a port on the other side of the oil cooler for an engine coolant outlet.
The oil cooler is an aluminum housing comprising louvered fins and plates. The plates allow a cross-flow of engine oil and engine coolant through the cooler but keep the 2 fluids separate. The plates are immersed in engine coolant from the variable coolant pump. The variable coolant pump provides cooling of the engine oil by the temperature differential between the engine oil and the engine coolant.
An anti-drain valve is located in the cylinder block and prevents the oil draining from the oil cooler when the engine is not running.
Piston Cooling Jets
| ITEM | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| 1 | Piston cooling oil jet (quantity 4) |
| 2 | Piston cooling oil jet solenoid |
The 4 piston cooling oil jets are located in the cylinder block. Each piston cooling oil jet is located adjacent to a cylinder and secured in the left of the cylinder block with a bolt.
The piston cooling oil jets provide piston and gudgeon pin cooling and lubrication. Each piston cooling jet has a single outlet nozzle which sprays engine oil into the cooling chamber in the piston. The jets are supplied by pressurized engine oil from the variable flow oil pump with integral vacuum pump through drilling in the cylinder block. The engine oil supply to the drilling is controlled by a piston cooling oil jets solenoid.
The piston cooling oil jets solenoid is controlled by the Powertrain Control Module (PCM). The piston cooling oil jet solenoid can open and close the engine oil supply depending on engine speed and load.
In addition to supply engine oil to the piston cooling chamber the engine oil lubricates the connecting rod small end bearing and the gudgeon pin.