| Coolant loss |
- Coolant hose(s) leaking
- Coolant hose connection(s) leaking
- Radiator leaking
- Variable coolant pump leaking
- Heater core leaking
- Seals leaking
- Engine casting leaking
- Engine core plugs leaking
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| Thermostat coolant leak - Evident fluid leak from the engine compartment and the "Coolant Level Low" warning message may be on the cluster |
- Coolant leak
- Mechanical damage to the thermostat
- Loose hose clamps
- Misalignment in the thermostat body
- Damaged thermostat seal
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| Engine overheating |
- Coolant level low
- Thermostat flow/direction valve fault
- Electric cooling fan inoperative
- Engine coolant temperature sensor fault
- Radiator airflow restricted
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| Engine not reaching normal operating temperature |
- Thermostat flow/direction valve fault
- Electric cooling fan stuck on
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| Message centre displays "Coolant Level Low" warning message |
- Coolant loss
- Engine coolant level sensor fault
- Engine coolant level sensor circuit fault
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| When starting or shutting down the engine, a loud 'engagement clunk' noise is heard and felt from the upper active grille |
- Upper active grille air shutter movement obstructed
- Lower active grille air shutter movement obstructed
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| Active grille air shutter rattle noise |
- Frame of the grille rattling on the outer frame or the individual grille elements rubbing against each other when closing
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| Active grille air shutter not fully opening or fully closing |
- Debris gathered between the active grille elements impeding smooth movement
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| Loss in cooling performance |
- Radiator shroud has deformed and is rubbing against the radiator
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