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Home >> Land Rover >> 2021 >> Defender 110 >> Repair and Diagnosis >> Transmission >> Automatic Trans >> Automatic Transmission -- Defender/L663 >> Automatic Transmission (G2391363) >> Description And Operation >> Transmission Description - Vehicles With: 8HP45 8-Speed Automatic Transmission AWD (G2413230) >> Operation >> Power Flows

Power Flows

Operation of the transmission is controlled by the Transmission Control Module (TCM), which electrically activates various solenoids to control the transmission gear selection. The sequence of solenoid activation is based on progamed information in the TCM memory and physical transmission operating conditions such as:

All gear shifts from 1st to 8th and 8th to 1st are known as 'overlap' shifts. Overlap shifts are during a gear shift 1 clutch must remain capable of transmitting torque at a reduced main pressure until the other clutch is ready to accept the torque.

Engine torque is transferred, through operation of single or combinations of clutches to the 4 planetary gear trains. All gear trains are controlled by reactionary inputs from brake clutches to produce the 8 forward gears and 1 reverse gear. The ratios are as follows:

GEAR 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH 5TH 6TH 7TH 8TH REVERSE
Ratio  4.714 3.143 2.106 1.667 1.285 1.000 0.839 0.667 3.295

Shift Elements 

G11599674Courtesy of JAGUAR LAND ROVER NORTH AMERICA, LLC
ITEM DESCRIPTION
1 Brake A
2 Brake B
3 Gear set 1
4 Gear set 2
5 Gear set 3
6 Clutch E
7 Clutch C
8 Clutch D
9 Gear set 4

The shift elements, clutches and brakes are actuated hydraulically. Fluid pressure is applied to the required clutch and/or brake, pressing the plates together and allowing drive to be transmitted through the plates. The purpose of the shift elements is to perform power-on shifts with no interruption to traction and smooth transition between gear ratios.