Lubrication System
The engine is lubricated by a force-feed oil circulation system. All moving parts are lubricated by a pressure, splash or spray engine oil supply.
| ITEM | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| 1 | Intake camshaft |
| 2 | Exhaust camshaft |
| 3 | Turbocharger oil supply |
| 4 | Variable geometry turbine turbocharger (Primary turbocharger) |
| 5 | Crankshaft and connecting rods |
| 6 | Oil pan |
| 7 | Oil level and temperature sensor |
| 8 | Oil pump |
| 9 | Oil cooler and filter assembly |
| 10 | Piston cooling oil jets |
| 11 | Fixed vane turbocharger (Secondary turbocharger) |
Engine oil is drawn from the oil pan and pressurized by the oil pump. The pressurized oil from the oil pump is then filtered and distributed through a main oil gallery in the center of the cylinder block.
Channels from the main gallery divert oil to the main bearings and connecting rod bearings via holes machined into the crankshaft. Piston cooling oil jets, located in the cylinder block, spray engine oil up and into the pistons. This provides lubrication and cooling to the pistons and gudgeon pins.
Engine oil flows through 2 internal channels in the pistons to cool each piston crown.
Engine oil from the main gallery flows up through channels in the cylinder block to the cylinder heads. Pressurized oil is supplied to lubricate the camshafts and operate the hydraulic valve tappets and the timing chain tensioners. The timing chains run in shallow oil reservoirs in the cylinder heads and receive splash lubrication from the motion of the camshafts.
The engine oil returns to the oil pan under gravity through drain passages in the cylinder heads and cylinder block.