Theory Of Operation
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The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) controls the Starter Motor operation with the Starter Relay. The PCM controls the Starter Relay Control using a High Side Driver (HSD). One side of the Starter Relay coil is connected to ground. The PCM sends voltage along the other side of the coil, along the Starter Relay Control circuit, which then energizes the coil. The relay then passes B+ voltage onward to engage the Starter Motor. The PCM internal diagnostic monitors only the Starter Control circuit for an open circuit, short to ground and short to voltage.