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Pinpoint Test A: Loss Of Coolant

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2021 Ford F-150. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.
  1. Normal Operation and Fault Conditions 

    The engine cooling system is a closed system providing for coolant expansion and contraction as well as changes in pressure as coolant warms and cools with engine operation. Various gaskets, seals, hoses and clamps contain coolant within the cooling system and keep other fluids and contaminants from entering the cooling system.

    Coolant loss can be attributed to either external or internal leaks anywhere within the cooling system.

    Possible Sources 

    • Coolant hoses or tubes
    • Hose clamps
    • Quick connect couplings
    • Thermostat O-ring seal or gasket
    • Coolant pump O-ring seal or gasket
    • Coolant inlet connector
    • Coolant outlet connector
    • Radiator
    • Pressure relief cap
    • Coolant pump leaking from weep hole
    • Cabin heater coolant pump
    • Heater core
    • Engine gaskets (may leak internally or externally)
    • Oil cooler (may leak internally or externally)
    • Degas bottle
    • Transmission fluid cooler (may leak internally or externally)
    • Transmission fluid heater coolant control valve
    • Cylinder block core plugs
    • Cylinder head core plugs
    • Block heater (if equipped)
    • EGR cooler (may leak internally or externally)
    • ECT sensor - primary cooling system
    • Turbocharger

  2. WARNING: Always allow the engine to cool before opening the cooling system. Do not unscrew the coolant pressure relief cap when the engine is operating or the cooling system is hot. The cooling system is under pressure; steam and hot liquid can come out forcefully when the cap is loosened slightly. Failure to follow these instructions may result in serious personal injury.

  3. A1 CHECK COMPONENTS FOR DAMAGE OR FAILURE

    • Visually inspect the possible sources for obvious signs of physical damage or failure.

    Are any concerns present? 

    Yes  REPAIR as needed.
    No  GO to  A2

  4. A2 CHECK THE ENGINE COOLANT LEVEL AND PRESSURE TEST THE ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM

    NOTE: Allow the engine to cool before checking the engine coolant level.

    • Ignition OFF

    • Visually inspect the engine coolant level at the degas bottle and adjust as necessary. Pressure test the engine cooling system. Refer to Cooling System Pressure Test .

    Does the engine cooling system leak externally? 

    Yes  REPAIR or INSTALL new components.
    No  GO to  A3

  5. A3 CHECK THE COOLANT FOR TRANSMISSION FLUID

    • Inspect the coolant in the degas bottle for signs of transmission fluid.

    Is transmission fluid evident in the coolant? 

    Yes  INSTALL a new transmission fluid cooler. REFER to: Transmission Fluid Cooler - Backflushing and Cleaning - Vehicles With: Transmission Fluid Heat Exchanger . REPAIR the transmission as necessary. REFER to: Diagnosis By Symptom .
    No  GO to  A4

  6. A4 CHECK THE TRANSMISSION FLUID FOR COOLANT

    • Remove the transmission fluid level indicator.

    Is coolant evident in the transmission fluid? 

    Yes  INSTALL a new transmission fluid cooler. REFER to: Transmission Fluid Cooler - Backflushing and Cleaning - Vehicles With: Transmission Fluid Heat Exchanger . REPAIR the transmission as necessary. REFER to: Diagnosis By Symptom .
    No  GO to  A5

  7. A5 CHECK THE ENGINE COOLANT FOR AN INTERNAL LEAK

    • Inspect the engine coolant in the degas bottle for signs of engine oil or transmission fluid.

    Is engine oil evident in the coolant? 

    Yes  REFER to: Engine - Diesel .
    No  GO to  A6

  8. A6 CHECK THE ENGINE OIL FOR COOLANT

    • Remove the oil level indicator from the engine.

    Is coolant evident in the engine oil or transmission fluid? 

    Yes  REFER to: Engine - Diesel .
    No  GO to  A8

  9. A7 CHECK THE EGR COOLER

    Does the EGR cooler leak? 

    Yes  INSTALL a new EGR cooler. REFER to: Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) System Module .
    No  GO to  A8

  10. A8 CHECK THE COOLING SYSTEM FOR COMBUSTION GASES

    NOTE: Use UView® Combustion Leak Tester part number UVU560000-R or equivalent.

    • Using a cooling system combustion gas leak tester, following the instructions supplied with the tester, check the coolant for combustion gases.

    Are combustion gases present? 

    Yes  REFER to: Engine - Diesel .
    No  The cooling system is operational.
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