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Pinpoint Test B: The Engine Overheats

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2021 Ford F-150. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.
  1. Normal Operation and Fault Conditions 

    The engine cooling system maintains the engine temperature during operation. Correct coolant flow through the engine, radiator and remainder of cooling system passages and components is essential to maintaining a correct engine temperature.

    Engine coolant flows primarily from the engine to the radiator circuit and back to the coolant pump. Coolant is sent from the coolant pump through the engine block and cylinder head. A separate circuit from the engine also feeds the heater core with coolant. The coolant pump circulates the coolant. The coolant thermostat is a control valve actuated by coolant temperature. When the thermostat is closed, coolant flow bypasses the radiator circuit and returns to the coolant pump. When the thermostat is opened, coolant flows through the radiator circuit to transfer engine-generated heat to the outside air.

    Engine overheating generally occurs when there is a disruption in the ability to control either coolant flow at the correct rate, the inability to transfer heat from the engine through the coolant (including low coolant) or an inability to transfer engine-generated heat to the outside air through the radiator.

    DTC Fault Trigger Conditions 

    DTC Description Fault Trigger Condition
    PCM P0217:00 Engine Coolant Overtemperature Condition: No Sub Type Information Sets in the PCM when an engine overheat condition was sensed by the CHT sensor.
    PCM P1299:00 Cylinder Head Overtemperature Protection Active: No Sub Type Information Sets in the PCM when an engine overheat condition was sensed by the CHT sensor.

    Possible Sources 

    • Low coolant level
    • External engine coolant leak
    • Airlock in system
    • Pressure relief cap installation
    • Restricted airflow through A/C condenser/radiator
    • Internal engine coolant leak
    • Coolant condition/concentration
    • Turbochargers
    • Non-OEM engine enhancement components
    • Cooling fan
    • Cooling fan clutch
    • CHT sensor
    • ECT sensor
    • Radiator
    • Thermostat
    • Coolant pump
    • Coolant flow restriction
    • Active grill shutter assembly

  2. B1 CHECK COMPONENTS FOR DAMAGE OR FAILURE

    • Visually inspect the possible sources for obvious signs of physical damage or failure.

    Are any concerns present? 

    Yes  REPAIR as needed.
    No  GO to  B2

  3. B2 CHECK FOR PCM (POWERTRAIN CONTROL MODULE) DTCS

    • Ignition ON.

    • Using a scan tool, perform PCM self-test.

    Is DTC P0217 and/or P1299 present? 

    Yes  GO to  B4
    No  Actual engine overheating has not been verified. CHECK the engine coolant temperature gauge operation. REFER to: Instrumentation, Message Center and Warning Chimes . If any other PCM DTCs are retrieved, REFER to: Electronic Engine Controls .

  4. B3 CHECK FOR ACTIVE GRILL SHUTTER DTCS

    • Review the PCM DTCs.

    Are any active grill shutter DTCs present? 

    Yes  REFER to: Active Grille Shutter .
    No  GO to  B4

  5. B4 CHECK FOR AN AIRFLOW OBSTRUCTION AND MISSING AIR DEFLECTORS

    NOTE: Verify no vehicle front end damage is present.

    • Check the radiator or A/C condenser for an external obstruction such as leaves or cardboard and verify all air deflectors are present.

    Is an airflow obstruction present or air deflectors missing? 

    Yes  REPAIR as necessary.
    No  GO to  B5

  6. B5 CHECK THE ENGINE COOLANT LEVEL AND PRESSURE TEST THE COOLING SYSTEM

    • Ignition OFF.

    • Visually check the engine coolant level in the coolant expansion tank and adjust as necessary. Pressure test the cooling system.

    Does the engine cooling system leak externally? 

    Yes  REPAIR or INSTALL new components.
    No  GO to  B6

  7. B6 CHECK THE ENGINE COOLANT FOR AN INTERNAL LEAK

    • Inspect the engine coolant in the coolant expansion tank for signs of engine oil.

    Is engine oil evident in the coolant? 

    Yes  REFER to: Engine - Gasoline .
    No  GO to  B7

  8. B7 CHECK THE ENGINE OIL FOR COOLANT

    • Remove the oil level indicator from the engine.

    Is coolant evident in the oil? 

    Yes  REFER to: Engine - Gasoline .
    No  GO to  B8

  9. B8 CHECK THE ENGINE COOLANT FOR TRANSMISSION FLUID

    • Check the engine coolant in the degas bottle for signs of transmission fluid.

    Is transmission fluid evident in the engine coolant? 

    Yes  INSTALL a new transmission fluid warmer. REPAIR the transmission as necessary. REFER to: Diagnosis By Symptom . TEST the system for normal operation.
    No  GO to  B9

  10. B9 CHECK THE TRANSMISSION FLUID FOR ENGINE COOLANT

    • Remove the transmission oil leveling plug.

    • Check the transmission fluid for engine coolant.

    Is engine coolant evident in the transmission fluid? 

    Yes  INSTALL a new transmission fluid warmer. REPAIR the transmission as necessary. REFER to: Diagnosis By Symptom . TEST the system for normal operation.
    No  GO to  B10

  11. B10 CHECK THE COOLING SYSTEM FOR COMBUSTION GASES

    NOTE: Use UView® Combustion Leak Tester part number UVU560000-R or equivalent.

    • Using a cooling system combustion gas leak tester, following the instructions supplied with the tester, check the coolant for combustion gases.

    Are combustion gases present? 

    Yes  REFER to: Engine - Gasoline .
    No  GO to  B11

  12. B11 CHECK COOLANT CONDITION

    • Check the coolant for dirt, rust or contamination and check the coolant concentration.

    Is the coolant condition OK? 

    Yes  GO to  B12
    No  FLUSH the engine cooling system. REFER to: Engine Cooling System Flushing .

  13. B12 CHECK THE ELECTRIC COOLING FAN OPERATION

    • Start the engine.

    • Place the climate control function selector in the MAX A/C position and the blower motor switch in the HI position.

    Did the electric cooling fan operate? 

    Yes  GO to  B13
    No  DIAGNOSE the electric cooling fan operation. REFER to: Cooling Fan Control .

  14. B13 CHECK THE COOLANT PUMP OPERATION

    • Start the engine.

    • Allow the engine to run for 30 minutes. Place the climate control function selector in the MAX HEAT position. Feel the heater outlet hose.

    Is the heater outlet hose hot? 

    Yes  GO to  B14
    No  INSTALL a new coolant pump. REFER to: Coolant Pump .

  15. B14 CHECK THE THERMOSTAT OPERATION

    NOTE: This cooling system uses a cold side thermostat. The coolant in the radiator must reach full operating temperature for the thermostat to remain in an open state.

    • Start the engine.

    • Allow the engine to run for 30 minutes. Place the climate control function selector in the MAX HEAT position. Feel the lower radiator hose.

    Is the lower radiator hose hot? 

    Yes  CHECK the temperature gauge operation. REFER to: Instrumentation, Message Center and Warning Chimes .
    No  GO to  B15

  16. B15 VISUALLY INSPECT THE THERMOSTAT

    Is the thermostat damaged? 

    Yes  INSTALL a new thermostat. REFER to: Thermostat .
    No  INSTALL a new thermostat. REFER to: Thermostat . If the engine still overheats, INSTALL a new radiator. REFER to: Radiator .
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