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Home >> Ford >> 2022 >> Transit Connect Titanium, Gas/Ethanol >> Repair and Diagnosis >> Brakes >> Brakes Control Systems >> Abs Guided Routine Testing - Pinpoint Tests D - ZA >> Abs Pinpoint Tests >> Pinpoint Tests M: Front Wheel Speed Sensor Electrical Faults >> Visual Inspection and Diagnostic Pre-checks

Visual Inspection and Diagnostic Pre-checks

NOTE: Use the correct probe adapter(s) when making measurements. Failure to use the correct probe adapter(s) may cause damage to the connector.
Fig 1: Anti-Lock Brake System-A (ABS-A) Module Connector - C135A
G13726307Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.

Harness Side

CIRCUIT AND PIN DESCRIPTION

Circuit Pin
Fig 2: Anti-Lock Brake System-B (ABS-B) Module Connector - C135B
G13726308Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.

Harness Side

CIRCUIT AND PIN DESCRIPTION

Circuit Pin
Fig 3: Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor Connector - C150
G13726309Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.

Harness Side

CIRCUIT AND PIN DESCRIPTION

Circuit Pin
LF WSS LO (Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor Low) - RCA17 2 (YELLOW)
Fig 4: Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor Connector - C160
G13726310Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.

Harness Side

CIRCUIT AND PIN DESCRIPTION

Circuit Pin
RF WSS LO (Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor Low) - RCA19 2 (VIOLET)
RF WSS HI (Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor HI) - VCA05 1 (GRAY/VIOLET)
  1. M1: CHECK FOR WHEEL SPEED SENSOR TESTER 
    • Is the Rotunda Wheel Speed Sensor Tester special tool available? 
    Yes No
    Go to  M9. Go to  M2.
  2. M2: CHECK FOR FAULT REPEATABILITY 
    • Ignition ON, engine OFF.
    • Clear the ABS DTCs.
    • Put the ABS module in sleep mode by performing the following steps:
      • With ALL doors closed, set the ignition from ON to OFF.
      • Disconnect the diagnostic scan tool.
      • Open the door, exit the vehicle and close the door.
      • Wait a minimum of 90 seconds for the ABS module to enter sleep mode.
    • Ignition ON, engine OFF.

    Carry out the ABS self-test.

    • Are any of the DTCs shown in the DTC Fault Trigger Conditions table present? 
    Yes No
    If ONLY DTC C1A90:12, C1A90:16 or C1A95:01 is present, Go to  M3.
    For failure type byte 11 (Circuit Short to Ground) or 14 (Circuit Short to Ground or Open Circuit), Go to  M5.
    For failure type byte 01 (General Electrical Failure), 12 (Circuit Short to Ground) or 15 (Circuit Short to Battery or Open Circuit), Go to  M4.    		 The system is operating correctly at this time.
    INSPECT both front wheel speed sensor electrical connectors and the ABS module electrical connector.
    REPAIR or CLEAN the connector as necessary.
    ADDRESS the root cause of any connector or pin issues.
  3. M3: DETERMINE WHICH WHEEL SPEED SENSOR IS AT FAULT 
    • Test drive the vehicle while recording the wheel speed sensor PIDs.
    • Access the ABS and monitor the LF_WSPD (SPD) PID.
    • Access the ABS and monitor the RF_WSPD (SPD) PID.
    • Access the ABS and monitor the LR_WSPD (SPD) PID.
    • Access the ABS and monitor the RR_WSPD (SPD) PID.
    • Is a front wheel speed sensor at fault?
    Yes No
    Go to  M4. GO to PINPOINT TEST N .
  4. M4: CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO BATTERY VOLTAGE 
    • Put the ABS module in sleep mode by performing the following steps:
      • With ALL doors closed, set the ignition from ON to OFF.
      • Disconnect the diagnostic scan tool.
      • Open the door, exit the vehicle and close the door.
      • Wait a minimum of 90 seconds for the ABS module to enter sleep mode.
    • ABS_A Module connector disconnected. (C135A)
    • ABS_B Module connector disconnected. (C135B)
    • Disconnect the suspect wheel speed sensor.
    • Ignition ON, engine OFF.
    • For the left front wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the voltage between:
      (+) Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor (C150) Connector, Harness Side (-)
      LF WSS LO - RCA17 (YELLOW) - Pin 2 Ground
      LF WSS HI - VCA03 (VIOLET/WHITE) - Pin 1 Ground
    • For the right front wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the voltage between:
      (+) Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor (C160) Connector, Harness Side (-)
      RF WSS LO - RCA19 (VIOLET) - Pin 2 Ground
      RF WSS HI - VCA05 (GRAY/VIOLET) - Pin 1 Ground
    • Is any voltage present? 
    Yes No
    REPAIR the circuit. Go to  M5.
  5. M5: CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO GROUND 
    • If not done previously, put the ABS module in sleep mode by performing the following steps:
      • With ALL doors closed, set the ignition from ON to OFF.
      • Disconnect the diagnostic scan tool.
      • Open the door, exit the vehicle and close the door.
      • Wait a minimum of 90 seconds for the ABS module to enter sleep mode.
    • ABS_A Module connector disconnected. (C135A) If not previously disconnected.
    • ABS_B Module connector disconnected. (C135B) If not previously disconnected.
    • Disconnect the suspect wheel speed sensor (if not previously disconnected).
    • For the left front wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the resistance between:
      (+) Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor (C150) Connector, Harness Side (-)
      LF WSS LO - RCA17 (YELLOW) - Pin 2 Ground
      LF WSS HI - VCA03 (VIOLET/WHITE) - Pin 1 Ground
    • For the right front wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the resistance between:
      (+) Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor (C160) Connector, Harness Side (-)
      RF WSS LO - RCA19 (VIOLET) - Pin 2 Ground
      RF WSS HI - VCA05 (GRAY/VIOLET) - Pin 1 Ground
    Yes No
    Go to  M6. REPAIR the circuit.
  6. M6: CHECK FOR SHORTED WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CIRCUITS 
    • For the left front wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the resistance between:
      (+) Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor (C150) Connector, Harness Side (-) Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor (C150) Connector, Harness Side
      LF WSS HI - VCA03 (VIOLET/WHITE) - Pin 1 LF WSS LO - RCA17 - Pin 2
    • For the right front wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the resistance between:
      (+) Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor (C160) Connector, Harness Side (-) Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor (C160) Connector, Harness Side
      RF WSS HI - VCA05 (GRAY/VIOLET) - Pin 1 RF WSS LO - RCA19 - Pin 2
    • Are the resistances greater than 10, 000 ohms? 
    Yes No
    Go to  M7. REPAIR the circuit.
  7. M7: CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED CIRCUITS FOR AN OPEN 
    • For the left front wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the resistance between:
      (+) ABS Module Connector, Harness Side (-) Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor (C150) Connector, Harness Side
      LF WSS LO LF WSS LO - RCA17 - Pin 2
      LF WSS HI LF WSS HI - VCA03 - Pin 1
    • Measure the resistance between:
      (+) ABS_A Module (C135A) Connector, Harness Side (-) Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor (C150) Connector, Harness Side
      LF WSS LO LF WSS LO - RCA17 - Pin 2
      LF WSS HI LF WSS HI - VCA03 - Pin 1
    • For the right front wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the resistance between:
      (+) ABS Module Connector, Harness Side (-) Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor (C160) Connector, Harness Side
      RF WSS LO RF WSS LO - RCA19 - Pin 2
      RF WSS HI RF WSS HI - VCA05 - Pin 1
    • Measure the resistance between:
      (+) ABS_A Module (C135A) Connector, Harness Side (-) Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor (C160) Connector, Harness Side
      RF WSS LO RF WSS LO - RCA19 - Pin 2
      RF WSS HI RF WSS HI - VCA05 - Pin 1
    • Are the resistances less than 3 ohms? 
    Yes No
    Go to  M8. REPAIR the circuit.
  8. M8: CHECK THE ABS MODULE OUTPUT 
    • ABS_A Module connector connected. (C135A) Make sure the connector seats and latches correctly.
    • ABS_B Module connector disconnected. (C135B)
    • Ignition ON, engine OFF.
    • For the left front wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the voltage between:
      (+) Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor (C150) Connector, Harness Side (-) Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor (C150) Connector, Harness Side
      LF WSS HI - VCA03 (VIOLET/WHITE) - Pin 1 LF WSS LO - RCA17 - Pin 2
    • For the right front wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the voltage between:
      (+) Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor (C160) Connector, Harness Side (-) Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor (C160) Connector, Harness Side
      RF WSS HI - VCA05 (GRAY/VIOLET) - Pin 1 RF WSS LO - RCA19 - Pin 2
    • Is the voltage greater 11 volts? 
    Yes No
    INSTALL a new WSS.
    REFER to the Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) and Stability Control article.    		 Go to  M13.
  9. M9: CHECK THE ABS MODULE OUTPUT WITH THE SPECIAL TOOL 
    • Set the transmission to NEUTRAL and position the vehicle on a hoist. Refer to the Jacking and Lifting article.
    • Make sure the special tool power switch is in the OFF position.
    • Ignition OFF.
    • Disconnect the suspect wheel speed sensor.
    • Connect the special tool to the wheel speed sensor and vehicle harness.
    • Set the special tool power switch to the ON position.
    • Ignition ON, engine OFF.
    • Observe the Vehicle Module Output LED.
    • Is the Vehicle Module Output LED illuminated green? 
    Yes No
    Go to  M10. REPAIR the circuit between the special tool and the ABS module.
  10. M10: CHECK THE SPECIAL TOOL SYSTEM POLARITY 
    • Observe the Current Fault LED.
    • Is the Current Fault LED illuminated? 
    Yes No
    Go to  M11. Go to  M12.
  11. M11: RECHECK THE SPECIAL TOOL SYSTEM POLARITY 
    • Toggle the special tool system polarity switch from the current position to the other position.
    • Observe the Current Fault LED.
    • Is the Current Fault LED illuminated? 
    Yes No
    The wheel speed sensor is shorted internally. INSTALL a new wheel speed sensor. REFER to the Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) and Stability Control article. Go to  M12.
  12. M12: CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR 
    • Raise the vehicle on the hoist until the wheels can spin freely.
    • Slowly spin the suspect wheel while observing the High and Low Sensor Output LED s, the Current Fault LED and the Air Gap LED.
    • Do the High and Low Sensor Output LEDs illuminate and flash? 
    Yes No
    Go to  M13. If neither of the High or Low LEDs illuminate, The wheel speed sensor is open internally. INSTALL a new wheel speed sensor. REFER to the Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) and Stability Control article.
    If only one of the High or Low LEDs illuminates, The wheel speed sensor is stuck in one state.
    INSTALL a new wheel speed sensor. REFER to the Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) and Stability Control article. If the Current Fault LED is red, The wheel speed sensor is shorted. INSTALL a new wheel speed sensor. REFER to the Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) and Stability Control article.
    If the Air Gap LED is illuminated red, The wheel speed sensor is out of range from the encoder ring. CHECK for obstructions between wheel speed sensor and the encoder ring.
    If the Air Gap LED flashes, The wheel speed sensor is near the edge of the acceptable range. CHECK for obstructions between wheel speed sensor and encoder ring.
  13. M13: VERIFY ALL WIRING CONNECTIONS 
    • Put the ABS module in sleep mode by performing the following steps:
      • With ALL doors closed, set the ignition from ON to OFF.
      • Disconnect the diagnostic scan tool.
      • Open the door, exit the vehicle and close the door.
      • Wait a minimum of 90 seconds for the ABS module to enter sleep mode.
    • If previously installed, disconnect the Rotunda Wheel Speed Sensor Tester special tool.
    • ABS_A Module connector disconnected. (C135A) (if not previously disconnected)
    • ABS_B Module connector disconnected. (C135B) (if not previously disconnected)
    • Using a good light source, inspect all disconnected electrical connectors for the following:
      • corrosion - install new connector or terminal and clean the module pins
      • damaged or bent pins - install new terminals or pins
      • pushed-out pins - install new pins as necessary
      • spread terminals - install new terminals as necessary
    • Are the connectors free of corrosion, damaged pins, bent pins, pushed-out pins and spread terminals?
  14. M14: CHECK FOR CORRECT ABS MODULE OPERATION 
    • ABS Module connector connected. Make sure the connector seats and latches correctly.
    • Connect the suspect wheel speed sensor electrical connector. Make sure the connector seats and latches correctly.
    • Operate the system and determine if the concern is still present.
    • Is the concern still present? 
    Yes No
    CHECK OASIS for any applicable service articles: TSB, GSB, SSM or FSA.
    If a service article exists for this concern, DISCONTINUE this test and FOLLOW the service article instructions.
    If no service articles address this concern, INSTALL a new ABS module. REFER to the Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) and Stability Control article.    		 The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corroded connector. ADDRESS the root cause of any connector or pin issues.
  15. M15: CHECK FOR CORRECT ABS OPERATION 
    • ABS_A Module connector connected. (C135A) Make sure the connector seats and latches correctly.
    • ABS_B Module connector connected. (C135B) Make sure the connector seats and latches correctly.
    • Connect the suspect wheel speed sensor electrical connector. Make sure the connector seats and latches correctly.
    • Operate the system and determine if the concern is still present.
    • Is the concern still present? 
    Yes No
    The HCU and ABS module are a single assembly known as the EBB unit.
    CHECK OASIS for any applicable service articles: TSB, GSB, SSM or FSA.
    If a service article exists for this concern, DISCONTINUE this test and FOLLOW the service article instructions.
    If no service articles address this concern, INSTALL a new EBB unit (HCU and ABS module assembly). REFER to the Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) and Stability Control article.    		 The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corroded connector. ADDRESS the root cause of any connector or pin issues.
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