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Home >> Ford >> 2020 >> Fusion Titanium Hybrid >> Repair and Diagnosis >> External Pages >> Different variant/trim >> Section 14 (Engine Cooling - 1.5L ECOBOOST (118KW/160PS) - I4) >> Diagnosis And Testing >> Engine Cooling >> Inspection and Verification

Inspection and Verification

WARNING: This page is about a different variant/trim than selected.
WARNING: Always allow the engine to cool before opening the cooling system. Do not unscrew the coolant pressure relief cap when the engine is operating or the cooling system is hot. The cooling system is under pressure; steam and hot liquid can come out forcefully when the cap is loosened slightly. Failure to follow these instructions may result in serious personal injury.
NOTE: During normal vehicle operation, coolant can change color. As long as the engine coolant is clear and uncontaminated, this color change does not indicate the engine coolant has degraded nor does it require the engine coolant to be drained, the system to be flushed, or the engine coolant to be replaced.
NOTE: Vehicles have a pressure relief cap on the degas bottle and no radiator cap.
  1. Verify the customer concern.
  2. Visually check the engine coolant level at the degas bottle when the system is cold.
  3. Make sure the pressure relief cap is installed correctly.
  4. Record any cooling system Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) retrieved. Refer to the PCM DTC Chart  for DTC descriptions.
  5. NOTE: Take note of any coolant odor or steam coming from cooling system components.

    If the system coolant is filled correctly and no Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) associated with fail-safe cooling are retrieved, verify the customer concern by operating the engine to duplicate the condition.

  6. Visually inspect for obvious signs of any mechanical or electrical damage.

    Visual Inspection Chart 

    Mechanical Electrical
    Leaks or weeps at:
    Hoses
    Tubes
    Hose clamps
    Engine gaskets (may leak internally or externally)
    Thermostat housing
    Radiator
    Charge air cooler radiator
    Charge air cooler
    Charge air cooler coolant pump
    Pressure relief cap
    Coolant pump
    Turbocharger (may leak internally or externally)
    Engine oil cooler (may leak internally or externally) (if equipped)
    Heater core (wet floor or coolant odor in vehicle)
    Degas bottle
    Cylinder block core plugs
    Cylinder head core plugs
    Block heater (if equipped)
    Transmission fluid heater coolant control valve
    Transmission fluid warmer (may leak internally or externally)
    Transmission fluid cooler (may leak internally or externally)
    Cracked or damaged:
    Hoses
    Tubes
    Hose clamps
    Thermostat housing
    Radiator
    Charge air cooler radiator
    Charge air cooler
    Charge air cooler coolant pump
    Pressure relief cap
    Cooling fan
    Coolant pump
    Turbocharger
    Engine oil cooler (if equipped)
    Degas bottle
    Cylinder block core plugs
    Cylinder head core plugs
    Block heater (if equipped)
    Transmission fluid heater coolant control valve
    Transmission fluid warmer (may leak internally or externally)
    Transmission fluid cooler (may leak internally or externally)
    Restricted airflow through the A/C condenser/radiator
    Excessive white or light gray exhaust smoke (may have burnt coolant odor)
    Coolant in engine oil
    Engine oil in coolant
    Coolant in transmission fluid
    Transmission fluid in coolant    		 Inoperative or damaged:
    Active grill shutter
    Electric cooling fan
    Wiring, connectors, relays or modules
    ECT sensor
  7. If the inspection reveals an obvious concern that can be readily identified, repair it as necessary.
  8. Inspect the coolant condition.

    1. Inspect the coolant color.

      • A darker orange with the presence of debris could indicate a commercially available stop leak may have been used and could result in loss of coolant flow to critical parts of the engine. If sediment is present, flush the system and refill with the correct mixture of distilled water and the relevant Motorcraft® Concentrated Antifreeze/Coolant. REFER to: Engine Cooling System Flushing .

      • A light or reddish brown color indicates that rust may be present in the cooling system. Flush the system and refill with the correct mixture of distilled water the relevant Motorcraft® Concentrated Antifreeze/Coolant. REFER to: Engine Cooling System Flushing .

      • An iridescent sheen on top of the coolant could indicate a trace of oil is entering the system. For engine diagnosis, REFER to: Engine . Flush the system and refill with the correct mixture of distilled water and Motorcraft® Concentrated Antifreeze/Coolant. REFER to: Engine Cooling System Draining, Vacuum Filling and Bleeding .

      • A milky brown color may indicate that engine oil is entering the cooling system. Pressure test the cooling system. Refer to Cooling System Pressure Test  . If engine oil is suspected, the cause of the leak may be internal to the engine. For engine diagnosis, REFER to: Engine . Flush the system and refill with the correct mixture of distilled water and Motorcraft® Concentrated Antifreeze/Coolant. REFER to: Engine Cooling System Draining, Vacuum Filling and Bleeding .

    2. If the engine coolant appearance is acceptable, test the engine coolant freezing point range with the Coolant/Battery Refractometer. Maintain the coolant concentration. REFER to: Specifications .
    3. Adjust coolant range and level if necessary:

      • If coolant is low, add specified coolant mixture only.

      • If the engine coolant tests too weak, remove some of the engine coolant and add Motorcraft® Concentrated Antifreeze/Coolant until the readings are within acceptable levels.

      • If the engine coolant tests too strong, remove some of the engine coolant and add distilled water until the readings are within acceptable levels.

  9. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause and test the system for normal operation before proceeding to the next step.
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