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Pinpoint Test A: The Engine Does Not Crank

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2013 Ford F-550 Super Duty, 2013 Ford F-450 Super Duty, 2013 Ford F-350 Super Duty, and 2013 Ford F-250 Super Duty. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.
  1. A1 PERFORM INSPECTION AND VERIFICATION 
    NOTE: Make sure battery voltage is greater than 12.2 volts prior to and during this pinpoint test.
    NOTE: If it is necessary to leave the battery charger connected during testing, do not leave it on its highest or boost setting. The highest settings can exceed 16 volts, resulting in false test results and setting of DTCs.
    • Yes  : Correct the cause as necessary.
    • No  : GO to A2
  2. A2 CHECK FOR ANY MESSAGES IN THE MESSAGE CENTER 
    • Check the message center while holding the ignition key in the start position.
    • Is STARTING SYSTEM FAULT displayed in the message center? 
  3. A3 Check BCM IGN_SW_STATE PID 
    • Using a diagnostic scan tool, view the BCM PIDs.
    • Monitor the BCM PID IGN_SW_STATE while turning the ignition switch from OFF to START.
    • Does the PID change from Off to Start when the ignition switch is turned from OFF to START? 
  4. A4 CHECK THE BCM AND PCM FOR DTCs 
    • Using the DTCs retrieved during Inspection and Verification, check for BCM and PCM DTCs.
    • Were any BCM or PCM DTCs retrieved? 
    • Yes  : REFER to DTC CHARTS .
    • No  : For vehicles equipped with automatic transmission, GO to A5.

      For vehicles equipped with manual transmission, GO to  A6.

  5. A5 CHECK THE PCM TR PID 
    • Using a diagnostic scan tool, view PCM PIDs.
    • While observing the TR PID, place the vehicle in PARK and NEUTRAL.
    • Does the PID match the gear selection? 
  6. A6 CHECK THE PCM STARTER MOTOR RELAY ENABLE (STRT_RLY) PID 
    • Using a diagnostic scan tool, view PCM PIDs.
    • Monitor the STRT_RLY PID while fully depressing the clutch pedal.
    • Does the PID change from DISABLED to ENABLED? 
    • Yes  : GO to  A7.
    • No  : GO to  A21.
  7. A7 CHECK THE BATTERY GROUND CABLE 
    • Measure the voltage between the positive battery post and the battery ground cable connection at the engine.
      Fig 1: Checking Battery Ground Cable
      G06064156Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 11 volts? 
    • Yes  : GO to A8.
    • No  : INSTALL a new battery ground cable. REFER to BATTERY, MOUNTING AND CABLES . TEST the system for normal operation.
  8. A8 CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR GROUND 
    • Measure the voltage between the positive battery post and the starter motor case.
      Fig 2: Checking Starter Motor Ground
      G06064158Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 11 volts? 
    • Yes  : GO to A9.
    • No  : CLEAN the starter motor mounting flange and make sure the starter motor is correctly mounted. TEST the system for normal operation.
  9. A9 CHECK VOLTAGE TO THE STARTER MOTOR 
    • Measure the voltage between starter motor C197A-1, circuit SDC02 (RD) and ground.
      Fig 3: Measuring Voltage Between Starter Motor C197-1, Circuit SDC02 (RD) And Ground
      G06096680Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 11 volts? 
    • Yes  : GO to A10.
    • No  : INSTALL a new positive battery cable. REFER to BATTERY, MOUNTING AND CABLES . TEST the system for normal operation.
  10. A10 CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR 
    • Connect one end of a fused jumper wire to starter motor solenoid C197B-1, circuit CDC25 (BN/GN). Momentarily connect the other end of the jumper to starter motor C197A-1, circuit SDC02 (RD).
      Fig 4: Checking Starter Motor
      G06126975Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Did the starter motor engage and the engine crank? 
    • Yes  : GO to A11.
    • No  : INSTALL a new starter motor. REFER to STARTER MOTOR . TEST the system for normal operation.
  11. A11 CHECK FOR START INPUT AT THE STARTER 
    • Disconnect: Starter Solenoid C197B.
    • Measure the voltage between the starter motor solenoid C197B-1, circuit CDC25 (BN/GN) and ground, while holding the key in the START position.
      Fig 5: Measuring Voltage Between Starter Motor Solenoid C197B-1, Circuit CDC25 (BN/GN) And Ground
      G06126976Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage reading greater than 11 volts? 
    • Yes  : CLEAN the starter motor solenoid S terminal and connector. CHECK the wiring and the starter motor for a loose or intermittent connection. TEST the system for normal operation.
    • No  : GO to A12.
  12. A12 CHECK THE INPUT CIRCUIT TO THE STARTER MOTOR SOLENOID FOR AN OPEN 
    NOTE: Use the correct probe adapter(s) when making measurements. Failure to use the correct probe adapter(s) may damage the connector.
    • Ignition OFF.
    • Disconnect: Starter Motor Relay.
    • Measure the resistance between C197B-1, circuit CDC25 (BN/GN) and Battery Junction Box (BJB) starter relay socket pin 5, circuit CDC25 (BN/GN).
      Fig 6: Measuring Resistance Between C197B-1, Circuit CDC25 (BN/GN) And Battery Junction Box (BJB) Starter Relay Socket Pin 5, Circuit CDC25 (BN/GN)
      G07481872Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the resistance less than 3 ohms? 
    • Yes  : GO to A13.
    • No  : REPAIR circuit CDC25 (BN/GN). TEST the system for normal operation.
  13. A13 CHECK THE VOLTAGE SUPPLY TO THE STARTER RELAY 
    • Measure the voltage between BJB starter relay socket pin 3, circuit SSB89 (RD) and ground.
      Fig 7: Measuring Voltage Between BJB Starter Relay Socket Pin 3, Circuit SSB89 (RD) And Ground
      G07481873Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage reading greater than 11 volts? 
    • Yes  : GO to A14.
    • No  : VERIFY BJB fuse 89 (40A) is OK. If OK, REPAIR circuit SBB89 (RD) for an open. TEST the system for normal operation. If not OK, REFER to the SYSTEM WIRING DIAGRAMS to identify the possible causes of the circuit short.
  14. A14 CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR REQUEST SIGNAL CIRCUIT 
    • Measure the voltage between BJB starter motor relay socket pin 1, circuit CDC38 (WH/VT) and ground, while holding the key in the START position.
      Fig 8: Measuring Voltage Between BJB Starter Motor Relay Socket Pin 1, Circuit CDC38 (WH/VT) And Ground
      G07481874Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 11 volts? 
    • Yes  : GO to A15.
    • No  : GO to  A17.
  15. A15 CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR CONTROL GROUND CIRCUIT 
    • Measure the voltage between BJB starter relay socket pin 2, circuit CDC12 (YE) and pin 1, circuit CDC38 (WH/VT), while holding the key in the START position.
      Fig 9: Measuring Voltage Between BJB Starter Relay Socket Pin 2, Circuit CDC12 (YE) And Pin 1, Circuit CDC38 (WH/VT)
      G07481875Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 11 volts? 
    • Yes  : INSTALL a new starter relay. TEST the system for normal operation.
    • No  : GO to A16.
  16. A16 CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN 
    • Disconnect: PCM C175B.
    • Measure the resistance between the starter motor relay socket pin 2, circuit CDC12 (YE) and PCM C175B-7, circuit CDC12 (YE), harness side.
      Fig 10: Measuring Resistance Between Starter Motor Relay Socket Pin 2, Circuit CDC12 (YE) And PCM C175B-7, Circuit CDC12 (YE)
      G07481876Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the resistance less than 3 ohms? 
  17. A17 CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR REQUEST CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN 
    • Disconnect: PCM C175B.
    • Measure the resistance between the BJB starter relay socket pin 1, circuit CDC38 (WH/VT) and PCM C175B-37, circuit CDC38 (WH/VT).
      Fig 11: Measuring Resistance Between BJB Starter Relay Socket Pin 1, Circuit CDC38 (WH/VT) And PCM C175B-37, Circuit CDC38 (WH/VT)
      G07481877Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the resistance less than 3 ohms? 
    • Yes  : GO to A18.
    • No  : REPAIR the circuit. TEST the system for normal operation.
  18. A18 CHECK THE START CIRCUIT FOR VOLTAGE AT THE BCM 
    • If equipped with an automatic transmission, make sure the vehicle is in PARK or NEUTRAL. If equipped with a manual transmission, fully depress the clutch pedal.
    • Disconnect: BCM C2280B.
    • Measure the voltage between BCM C2280B-47, circuit CDC35 (BU/WH) and ground, while holding the key in the START position.
      Fig 12: Measuring Voltage Between BCM C2280B-47, Circuit CDC35 (BU/WH) And Ground
      G07481878Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 11 volts? 
    • Yes  : GO to A19.
    • No  : GO to  A20.
  19. A19 CHECK THE START CIRCUIT FOR VOLTAGE AT THE PCM 
    • Disconnect: PCM C175B.
    • Measure the voltage between PCM C175B-16, circuit CDC35 (BU/WH) and ground, while holding the key in the START position.
      Fig 13: Measuring Voltage Between PCM C175B-16, Circuit CDC35 (BU/WH) And Ground
      G07481879Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 11 volts? 
  20. A20 CHECK THE IGNITION SWITCH 
    • Carry out the Ignition Switch Component Test. Refer to appropriate "OEM Wiring Diagrams Component Testing" article for component testing.
    • Did the ignition switch pass the component test? 
    • Yes  : REPAIR circuit CDC35 (BU/WH). TEST the system for normal operation.
    • No  : INSTALL a new ignition switch. REFER to STEERING COLUMN SWITCHES . TEST the system for normal operation.
  21. A21 CHECK THE CPP SWITCH BOTTOM OF TRAVEL CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN 
    • Ignition OFF.
    • Disconnect: PCM C175T.
    • Measure the voltage between the battery positive post and PCM connector C175T-19, circuit CE903 (BU/OG or VT/BU), harness side, with the clutch pedal fully depressed.
      Fig 14: Measuring Voltage Between Battery Positive Post And PCM Connector C175T-19, Circuit CE903 (BU/OG Or VT/BU), Harness Side
      G07481846Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 11 volts? 
    • Yes  : GO to A22.
    • No  : GO to  A23.
  22. A22 CHECK THE CPP SWITCH TOP OF TRAVEL CIRCUIT 
    • Measure the voltage between the battery positive post and PCM connector C175T-21, circuit CE904 (GN/VT or BN/GN), harness side with the clutch fully depressed.
      Fig 15: Measuring Voltage Between Battery Positive Post And PCM Connector C175T-21, Circuit CE904 (GN/VT Or BN/GN), Harness Side
      G07481847Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage greater than 11 volts? 
  23. A23 CHECK THE CPP SWITCH GROUND CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN 
    • Disconnect: CPP Switch C257.
    • Measure the voltage between:
      • battery positive post and CPP switch C257-6, GD122 (BK), harness side.
      • battery positive post and CPP switch C257-2, GD122 (BK), harness side.
        Fig 16: Checking CPP Switch Ground Circuit For Open
        G06762899Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Are the voltages greater than 11 volts? 
    • Yes  : GO to A24.
    • No  : REPAIR the affected circuit. TEST the system for normal operation.
  24. A24 CHECK THE CPP SWITCH BOTTOM TRAVEL CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN 
    • Measure the resistance between PCM C175T, harness side and CPP switch C257, harness side using the following chart:
      PCM Circuit CPP Switch
      C175T-21 CE904 (GN/VT or BN/GN) C257-5
      C175T-19 CE903 (BU/OG or VT/BU) C257-1
      Fig 17: Measuring Resistance Between PCM C175T And CPP Switch C257, Harness Side
      G07481849Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Are the resistances 3 ohms or less? 
    • Yes  : INSTALL a new CPP switch. TEST the system for normal operation.
    • No  : REPAIR circuit CE904 (GN/VT or BN/GN) or CE903 (BU/OG or VT/BU). TEST the system for normal operation.
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