Power Steering

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2014 Lincoln MKX and 2014 Ford Edge. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.

The power steering system consists of the following:

Power steering pump
Fluid reservoir
Rack-and-pinion steering gear
Power steering pressure and return lines/hoses
Inner tie rod

The power steering system uses a vane-type pump to pump the fluid from the reservoir to the rack-and-pinion steering gear. The power steering pump is mounted to the engine and is driven by the accessory belt from the engine crankshaft. Power steering fluid is pulled into one side of the pump from the reservoir by vacuum. The power steering fluid is then trapped and squeezed into a smaller area inside the pump. This action pressurizes the fluid as it flows to the rest of the system. A pressure relief/flow valve is built into the pump to control the maximum pressure and flow provided to the steering system. This action prevents damage to the system and provides the correct level of assist during all engine speeds. The power steering fluid, while under pressure, flows through the high pressure power steering line to the rack-and-pinion steering gear.