Pinpoint Test A: The Engine Does Not Crank - Without IA

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2014 Lincoln MKX and 2014 Ford Edge. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.

NOTE: Use the correct probe adapter(s) when making measurements. Failure to use the correct probe adapter(s) may damage the connector.

A1 PERFORM INSPECTION AND VERIFICATION
- NOTE: Make sure battery voltage is greater than 12.2 volts prior to and during this pinpoint test.
NOTE: If it is necessary to leave the battery charger connected during testing, do not leave it on its highest or boost setting. The highest settings can exceed 16 volts, resulting in false test results and setting of DTCs.

Perform INSPECTION AND VERIFICATION procedure .

Was an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern found?
- Yes : Correct the cause as necessary.
- No : GO to A2 .
A2 CHECK FOR ANY MESSAGES IN THE MESSAGE CENTER
- Check the message center while holding the ignition key in the start position.
Is STARTING SYSTEM FAULT displayed in the message center?
- Yes : Refer to ANTI THEFT - PASSIVE ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM (PATS) to diagnose the PATS concern.
- No : GO to A3 .
A3 VERIFY THE BCM AND PCM PASS THE NETWORK TEST
- Ignition ON.
- Using a diagnostic scan tool, perform the Network Test.
Did the BCM and PCM pass the Network Test?
- Yes : GO to A4
- No : Refer to MODULE COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK
A4 RETRIEVE BCM AND PCM DTCs
- Using a diagnostic scan tool, perform the BCM and PCM self-tests.
Were DTCs retrieved on-demand during self-test?
- Yes : REFER to DTC CHARTS .
- No : GO to A5 .
A5 CHECK BCM IGN_SW_STATE PID
- Using a diagnostic scan tool, view BCM Parameter Identifications (PIDs).
- Monitor the BCM IGN_SW_STATE PID while turning the ignition switch from OFF to START.
Does the PID change from Off to Start when the ignition switch is turned from OFF to START?
- Yes : GO to A6 .
- No : DIAGNOSE No power in Start. Refer to STEERING COLUMN SWITCHES
A6 CHECK PCM ISP-R CIRCUIT FOR OPEN
- Ignition OFF.
- Disconnect: PCM C1381B (2.0L) or C175B (3.5L and 3.7L).
- Disconnect: BJB fuse 90.
- For 2.0L equipped vehicles , measure the voltage between PCM C1381B-15 , circuit CBB90 (YE/OG) and BJB fuse 90 socket 1.
  
  Fig 1: Measuring Voltage Between PCM (C1381B-15) Circuit CBB90 (YE/OG) And BJB Fuse 90 Socket (For 2.0L)
  Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
- For 3.5L and 3.7L equipped vehicles , measure the voltage between PCM C175B-42 , circuit CBB90 (YE/OG) and BJB fuse 90 socket 1.
  
  Fig 2: Measuring Voltage Between PCM (C175B-42) Circuit CBB90 (YE/OG) And BJB Fuse 90 Socket (For 3.5L And 3.7L)
  Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
Is the resistance less than 3 ohms?
- Yes : GO to A7 .
- No : REPAIR circuit CBB90 (YE/OG) for an open. TEST the system for normal operation.
A7 CHECK THE PCM IN_GEAR PID
- Connect: PCM C1381B (2.0L) or C175B (3.5L and 3.7L).
- Connect: BJB fuse 90.
- Ignition ON.
- Using a diagnostic scan tool, view PCM Parameter Identifications (PIDs).
- Monitor the PCM IN_GEAR PID .
- While observing the IN_GEAR PID , place the gear selector in PARK and then NEUTRAL.
Does the PID read NO in both positions?
- Yes : GO to A8 .
- No : Refer to AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION - 6F50/6F55 or AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE/TRANSMISSION - 6F35 to diagnose the TR sensor.
A8 CHECK THE ENGINE CRANKING (ENG_CRANK) PID
- Using a diagnostic scan tool, view PCM Parameter Identifications (PIDs).
- Monitor the PCM ENG_CRANK PID .
- With the gear selector in PARK or NEUTRAL, while holding the key in the START position, monitor the ENG_CRANK PID .
Does the PID change from Inactive to Active?
- Yes : GO to A11.
- No : GO to A9 .
A9 CHECK THE START CIRCUIT FOR VOLTAGE AT THE PCM
- Ignition OFF.
- Disconnect: PCM C1381B (2.0L) or C175B (3.5L and 3.7L).
- For 2.0L equipped vehicles , measure the voltage between PCM C1381B-17 , circuit CDC35 (BU/WH) and ground, while holding the key in the START position.
  
  Fig 3: Measuring Voltage Between PCM (C1381B-17) Circuit CDC35 (BU/WH) And Ground (For 2.0L)
  Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
- For 3.5L and 3.7L equipped vehicles , measure the voltage between PCM C175B-16 , circuit CDC35 (BU/WH) and ground, while holding the key in the START position.
  
  Fig 4: Measuring Voltage Between PCM (C175B-16) Circuit CDC35 (BU/WH) And Ground (For 3.5L And 3.7L)
  Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?
- Yes : GO to A21.
- No : GO to A10 .
A10 CHECK THE IGNITION SWITCH
- Carry out the IGNITION SWITCH COMPONENT TEST .
  Refer to OEM WIRING DIAGRAMS COMPONENT TESTING .
Did the ignition switch pass the component test?
- Yes : REPAIR circuit CDC35 (BU/WH) for an open. TEST the system for normal operation.
- No : INSTALL a new ignition switch. Refer to STEERING COLUMN SWITCHES . TEST the system for normal operation.
A11 CHECK THE STARTER RELAY CONTROL OPERATION
NOTE: The following step uses a test light to simulate normal circuit loads. Use only the test light recommended in the SPECIAL TOOL DESCRIPTION . To avoid connector terminal damage, use the Flex Probe Kit for the test light probe connection to the vehicle. Do not use the test light probe directly on any connector.
- Ignition OFF.
- Disconnect: BJB Starter Relay.
- Connect a 12-volt incandescent test light between BJB Starter Relay socket pin 1, circuit CDC12 (YE) and socket pin 2, circuit CDC26 (GY/OG).
  
  Fig 5: Connecting 12-Volt Incandescent Test Light Between BJB Starter Relay Socket Pin 1 Circuit CDC12 And Socket Pin 2 Circuit CDC26 (GY/OG)
  Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
- While holding the key in the START position, observe the test light.
Does the test light illuminate when the key is in the START position?
- Yes : GO to A12 .
- No : GO to A19.
A12 CHECK THE VOLTAGE TO THE STARTER RELAY
- Measure the voltage between BJB starter relay cavity 3, circuit SBB19 (BU/RD), harness side and ground.
  
  Fig 6: Measuring Voltage Between BJB Starter Relay Cavity 3 Circuit SBB19 (BU/RD) Harness Side And Ground
  Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?
- Yes : GO to A13 .
- No : VERIFY BJB fuse 19 (30A) is OK. If OK, REPAIR circuit SBB19 (BU/RD) for an open. If not OK, REFER to the SYSTEM WIRING DIAGRAMS to identify the possible causes of the circuit short. TEST the system for normal operation.
A13 CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR OPERATION AT THE STARTER RELAY
- With the gear selector in PARK or NEUTRAL, connect one end of a fused jumper wire to BJB starter relay cavity 3, circuit SBB19 (BU/RD) and momentarily connect the other end of the fused jumper wire to BJB starter relay cavity 5, circuit CDC25 (BN/GN).
  
  Fig 7: Checking Starter Motor Operation At Starter Relay (Neutral)
  Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
Did the starter motor engage and the engine crank?
- Yes : INSTALL a new starter relay. TEST the system for normal operation.
- No : GO to A14 .
A14 CHECK THE BATTERY GROUND CABLE
- Measure the voltage between the positive battery post and the battery ground cable connection at the engine.
  
  Fig 8: Measuring Voltage Between Positive Battery Post And Battery Ground Cable Connection At Engine
  Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?
- Yes : GO to A15 .
- No : CLEAN or INSTALL new battery cables as necessary. Refer to BATTERY, MOUNTING AND CABLES . TEST the system for normal operation.
A15 CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR GROUND
- Measure the voltage between the positive battery post and the starter motor case.
  
  Fig 9: Measuring Voltage Between Positive Battery Post And Starter Motor Case
  Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?
- Yes : GO to A16 .
- No : CLEAN the starter motor mounting flange and MAKE SURE the starter motor is correctly mounted. TEST the system for normal operation.
A16 CHECK THE VOLTAGE TO THE STARTER MOTOR
- Measure the voltage between starter solenoid ("B" terminal) C197A-1 , circuit SDC02 (RD) and ground.
  
  Fig 10: Measuring Voltage Between Starter Solenoid C197A-1 Circuit SDC02 (RD) And Ground
  Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?
- Yes : GO to A17 .
- No : CLEAN or INSTALL new battery cables as necessary. Refer to BATTERY, MOUNTING AND CABLES . TEST the system for normal operation.
A17 CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR FOR CORRECT OPERATION
- With the gear selector in PARK or NEUTRAL, connect one end of a fused jumper wire to starter solenoid ("B" terminal) C197A-1 , circuit SDC02 (RD) and momentarily connect the other end of the fused jumper wire to starter solenoid ("S" terminal) C197B-1 , circuit CDC25 (BN/GN).
  
  Fig 11: Checking Starter Motor For Correct Operation (Neutral)
  Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
Did the starter engage and the engine crank?
- Yes : GO to A18 .
- No : INSTALL a new starter motor. REFER to STARTER MOTOR - 2.0L GTDI or STARTER MOTOR - 3.5L, 3.7L . TEST the system for normal operation.
A18 CHECK FOR START INPUT AT THE STARTER
- Connect: BJB Starter Relay.
- Disconnect: Starter Solenoid ("S" terminal) C197B .
- With the gear selector in PARK or NEUTRAL, measure the voltage between the starter solenoid ("S" terminal) C197B-1 , circuit CDC25 (BN/GN) and ground, while holding the key in the START position.
  
  Fig 12: Measuring Voltage Between Starter Solenoid C197B-1 Circuit CDC25 (BN/GN) And Ground
  Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?
- Yes : CLEAN the starter solenoid ("S" terminal) and connector C197B-1 . CHECK the wiring and the starter motor for a loose or intermittent connection. TEST the system for normal operation.
- No : REPAIR circuit CDC25 (BN/GN) for an open. TEST the system for normal operation.

A19 CHECK THE PCM START CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO GROUND

Ignition OFF.
Disconnect: PCM C1381B (2.0L) or C175B (3.5L and 3.7L).

For 2.0L equipped vehicles , measure the resistance between PCM C1381B , harness side and ground as follows:

PCM Connector-Pin	Circuit
C1381B-9	CDC12 (YE)
C1381B-11	CDC26 (GY/OG)

Fig 13: Measuring Resistance Between PCM C1381B Harness Side And Ground (For 2.0L)
Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.

For 3.5L and 3.7L equipped vehicles , measure the resistance between PCM C175B , harness side and ground as follows:

PCM Connector-Pin	Circuit
C175B-7	CDC12 (YE)
C175B-37	CDC26 (GY/OG)

Fig 14: Measuring Resistance Between PCM C175B Harness Side And Ground (For 3.5L And 3.7L)
Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.

Are the resistances greater than 10, 000 ohms?

Yes : GO to A20 .
No : REPAIR the affected circuit for a short to ground. TEST the system for normal operation.

A20 CHECK THE PCM START CIRCUITS FOR AN OPEN

For 2.0L equipped vehicles , measure the resistance between PCM C1381B , harness side and the BJB starter relay cavity as follows:

PCM Connector-Pin	Circuit	BJB
C1381B-9	CDC12 (YE)	BJB starter relay cavity 1
C1381B-11	CDC26 (GY/OG)	BJB starter relay cavity 2

Fig 15: Measuring Resistance Between PCM C1381B And BJB Starter Relay Cavity (For 2.0L)
Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.

For 3.5L and 3.7L equipped vehicles , measure the resistance between PCM C175B , harness side and the BJB starter relay cavity as follows:

PCM Connector-Pin	Circuit	BJB
C175B-7	CDC12 (YE)	BJB starter relay cavity 1
C175B-37	CDC26 (GY/OG)	BJB starter relay cavity 2

Fig 16: Measuring Resistance Between PCM C175B And BJB Starter Relay Cavity (For 3.5L And 3.7L)
Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.

Are the resistances less than 3 ohms?

Yes : GO to A21 .
No : REPAIR the affected circuit for an open. TEST the system for normal operation.

A21 CHECK FOR CORRECT PCM OPERATION
- Ignition OFF.
- Disconnect all the PCM connectors.
- Check for:
  - corrosion
  - damaged pins
  - pushed-out pins
- Connect the PCM connectors and make sure they seat correctly.
- Operate the system and determine if the concern is still present.
Is the concern still present?
- Yes : INSTALL a new PCM . Refer to ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROLS . CLEAR all DTCs in all modules. TEST the system for normal operation.
- No : The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corroded connector. ADDRESS the root cause of any connector or pin issues.