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Home >> Ford >> 2011 >> Focus S, Standard >> Repair and Diagnosis >> Engine Performance >> Testing & Diagnosis >> Engine Controls - Pinpoint Test He: Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION (EGR) Systems Through Pinpoint Test HZ: Natural Vacuum Leak Detection - (Except Diesel & Hybrid) >> PINPOINT TEST HN: Turbocharger System >> Test Procedure

Test Procedure

  1. HN1 CHECK FOR DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCS) 
    NOTE: Diagnose circuit faults prior to range or performance faults.

    Are DTCs P0034, P0035, P00C1, P00C2, P0234, P0245, P0246 or P0299 present? 

    Yes No
    For continuous memory DTCs P0034, P0035, P00C1, P00C2, P0245 or P0246, GO to  HN2.
    For DTCs P0234 or P0299, GO to  HN2.
    For KOEO and KOER DTCs P0034 or P00C1, GO to  HN3.
    For KOEO and KOER DTCs P0035 or P00C2, GO to  HN4.
    For KOEO and KOER DTC P0245, GO to  HN7.
    For KOEO and KOER DTC P0246, GO to  HN8.    		 GO to  HN2.
  2. HN2 VISUALLY INSPECT THE TURBOCHARGER SYSTEM 
    • Visually inspect the turbocharger system for:
      • correct turbocharger wastegate control hose connection and routing
      • leaks around tubing and intake manifold
      • correct electrical connections
      • damaged or leaking exhaust system
      • turbocharger oil leaks. Refer to the appropriate Fuel Charging and Controls - Turborcharger article.
      • damaged or restricted turbocharger oil return tubes. Refer to the appropriate Fuel Charging and Controls - Turborcharger article.
      • damaged turbocharger. Refer to the appropriate Fuel Charging and Controls - Turborcharger article.

    Do the visual inspections reveal any concerns? 

    Yes No
    REPAIR as necessary.
    Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.    		 For DTC P0234, GO to  HN16.
    For DTC P0299, GO to  HN19.
    For all other DTCs, GO to  HN13.
    For symptoms without DTCs, GO to  HN19.
  3. HN3 KOEO AND KOER DTCS P0034 AND P00C1: CHECK THE TURBOCHARGER BYPASS (TCBY) VALVE CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR A SHORT TO GROUND 
    • Ignition OFF.
    • PCM connector disconnected.
    • Suspect TCBY Solenoid connector disconnected.
    • For DTC P0034,
    • Measure the resistance between:
      RESISTANCE REFERENCE CHART

      (+) PCM Connector, Harness Side (-)
      TCBY Ground
    • For DTC P00C1,
    • Measure the resistance between:
      RESISTANCE REFERENCE CHART

      (+) PCM Connector, Harness Side (-)
      TCBY2 Ground

    Is the resistance greater than 10K ohms? 

    Yes No
    GO to  HN11. REPAIR the short circuit. Clear the PCM DTCs.
    REPEAT the self-test.
  4. HN4 KOEO AND KOER DTCS P0035 AND P00C2: CHECK THE TURBOCHARGER BYPASS VALVE FOR VOLTAGE 
    • Ignition OFF.
    • Suspect TCBY Solenoid connector disconnected.
    • Ignition ON, engine OFF.
    • For DTC P0035,
    • Measure the voltage between:
      VOLTAGE REFERENCE CHART

      (+) TCBY Connector, Harness Side (-)
      VPWR Ground
    • For DTC P00C2,
    • Measure the voltage between:
      VOLTAGE REFERENCE CHART

      (+) TCBY2 Connector, Harness Side (-)
      VPWR Ground

    Is the voltage greater than 10 V? 

    Yes No
    GO to  HN5. REPAIR the open circuit. Clear the PCM DTCs.
    REPEAT the self-test.
  5. HN5 KOEO AND KOER DTCS P0035 AND P00C2: CHECK THE TURBOCHARGER BYPASS VALVE CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN 
    • Ignition OFF.
    • PCM connector disconnected.
    • For DTC P0035,
    • Measure the resistance between:
      RESISTANCE REFERENCE CHART

      (+) PCM Connector, Harness Side (-) TCBY Connector, Harness Side
      TCBY TCBY
    • For DTC P00C2,
    • Measure the resistance between:
      RESISTANCE REFERENCE CHART

      (+) PCM Connector, Harness Side (-) TCBY2 Connector, Harness Side
      TCBY2 TCBY2

    Is the resistance greater than 10K ohms? 

    Yes No
    REPAIR the open circuit. Clear the PCM DTCs.
    REPEAT the self-test.    		 GO to  HN6.
  6. HN6 KOEO AND KOER DTCS P0035 AND P00C2: CHECK THE TURBOCHARGER BYPASS VALVE CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR A SHORT TO VOLTAGE 
    • Ignition OFF.
    • Suspect TCBY Solenoid connector disconnected.
    • PCM connector disconnected.
    • Ignition ON, engine OFF.
    • For DTC P0035,
    • Measure the voltage between:
      VOLTAGE REFERENCE CHART

      (+) PCM Connector, Harness Side (-)
      TCBY Ground
    • For DTC P00C2,
    • Measure the voltage between:
      VOLTAGE REFERENCE CHART

      (+) PCM Connector, Harness Side (-)
      TCBY2 Ground

    Is the voltage greater than 10 V? 

    Yes No
    REPAIR the short circuit. Clear the PCM DTCs.
    REPEAT the self-test.    		 GO to  HN11.
  7. HN7 KOEO AND KOER DTC P0245: CHECK THE TURBOCHARGER (TC) WASTEGATE REGULATING VALVE SOLENOID CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR A SHORT TO GROUND 
    • Ignition OFF.
    • PCM connector disconnected.
    • TC Wastegate Regulating Valve Solenoid connector disconnected.
    • Measure the resistance between:
      RESISTANCE REFERENCE CHART

      (+) PCM Connector, Harness Side (-)
      TCWRVS Ground

    Is the resistance greater than 10K ohms? 

    Yes No
    GO to  HN12. REPAIR the short circuit. Clear the PCM DTCs.
    REPEAT the self-test.
  8. HN8 KOEO AND KOER DTC P0246: CHECK THE TURBOCHARGER (TC) WASTEGATE REGULATING VALVE SOLENOID FOR VOLTAGE 
    • Ignition OFF.
    • TC Wastegate Regulating Valve Solenoid connector disconnected.
    • Ignition ON, engine OFF.
    • Measure the voltage between:
      VOLTAGE REFERENCE CHART

      (+) TC Wastegate Regulating Valve Solenoid Connector, Harness Side (-)
      VPWR Ground

    Is the voltage greater than 10 V? 

    Yes No
    GO to  HN9. REPAIR the open circuit. Clear the PCM DTCs.
    REPEAT the self-test.
  9. HN9 KOEO AND KOER DTC P0246: CHECK THE TURBOCHARGER (TC) WASTEGATE REGULATING VALVE SOLENOID CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN 
    • Ignition OFF.
    • PCM connector disconnected.
    • Measure the resistance between:
      RESISTANCE REFERENCE CHART

      (+) PCM Connector, Harness Side (-) TC Wastegate Regulating Valve Solenoid Connector, Harness Side
      TCWRVS TCWRVS

    Is the resistance less than 5 ohms? 

    Yes No
    GO to  HN10. REPAIR the open circuit. Clear the PCM DTCs.
    REPEAT the self-test.
  10. HN10 KOEO AND KOER DTC P0246: CHECK THE TURBOCHARGER (TC) WASTEGATE REGULATING VALVE SOLENOID CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR A SHORT TO VOLTAGE 
    • Ignition OFF.
    • TC Wastegate Regulating Valve Solenoid connector disconnected.
    • PCM connector disconnected.
    • Measure the voltage between:
      VOLTAGE REFERENCE CHART

      (+) TC Wastegate Regulating Valve Solenoid Connector, Harness Side (-)
      TCWRVS Ground

    Is any voltage present? 

    Yes No
    REPAIR the short circuit. Clear the PCM DTCs.
    REPEAT the self-test.    		 GO to  HN12.
  11. HN11 CHECK THE TURBOCHARGER BYPASS VALVE FOR OPEN AND SHORT CIRCUITS 
    • For TCBY valve:
    • Measure the resistance between:
      RESISTANCE REFERENCE CHART

      (+) TCBY Connector, Component Side (-) TCBY Connector, Component Side
      TCBY VPWR
    • For TCBY2 valve:
    • Measure the resistance between:
      RESISTANCE REFERENCE CHART

      (+) TCBY2 Connector, Component Side (-) TCBY2 Connector, Component Side
      TCBY2 VPWR

    Is the resistance between 9 - 10 ohms? 

    Yes No
    For F-150 3.5L, GO to  HN25.
    For all others, GO to  HN28.    		 INSTALL a new TCBY or TCBY2 valve solenoid. REFER to the appropriate Electronic Engine Controls article .
    Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
  12. HN12 CHECK THE TURBOCHARGER (TC) WASTEGATE REGULATING VALVE SOLENOID FOR OPEN AND SHORT CIRCUITS 
    • Measure the resistance between:
      RESISTANCE REFERENCE CHART

      (+) TC Wastegate Regulating Valve Solenoid Connector, Component Side (-) TC Wastegate Regulating Valve Solenoid Connector, Component Side
      TCWRVS VPWR

    Is the resistance between 21 - 25 ohms? 

    Yes No
    GO to  HN28. INSTALL a new TC wastegate regulating valve solenoid. REFER to the appropriate Electronic Engine Controls article .
    Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
  13. HN13 SELF-TEST DTCS P0034, P0035, P00C1, P00C2, P0245 AND P0246: INTERMITTENT CHECK 
    • Ignition ON, engine OFF.
    • For the TCBY valve,
    • Access the PCM and monitor the TURBO_BP1_STAT (MODE) PID.
    • While observing the PID, carry out the following:
      • lightly tap on the TCBY valve to simulate road shock
      • wiggle the TCBY valve connector
    • For the TCBY2 valve,
    • Access the PCM and monitor the TURBO_BP2_STAT (MODE) PID.
    • While observing the PID, carry out the following:
      • lightly tap on the TCBY2 valve to simulate road shock
      • wiggle the TCBY2 valve connector
    • For the TC wastegate regulating valve solenoid,
    • Access the PCM and monitor the TWGATE_STAT (MODE) PID.
    • While observing the PID, carry out the following:
      • lightly tap on the TC wastegate regulating valve solenoid to simulate road shock
      • wiggle the TC wastegate regulating valve solenoid connector

    Is there a change in the PID reading? 

    Yes No
    For TCBY or TCBY2, INSTALL a new TCBY or TCBY2 valve solenoid.
    REFER to the appropriate Electronic Engine Controls article .
    Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
    For TC wastegate regulating valve solenoid, INSTALL a new TC wastegate regulating valve solenoid.
    REFER to the appropriate Electronic Engine Controls article .
    Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.    		 GO to  HN14.
  14. HN14 CHECK THE ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROL (EEC) WIRING HARNESS 
    • For the TCBY valve,
    • Access the PCM and monitor the TURBO_BP1_STAT (MODE) PID.
    • For the TCBY2 valve,
    • Access the PCM and monitor the TURBO_BP2_STAT (MODE) PID.
    • For the TC wastegate regulating valve solenoid,
    • Access the PCM and monitor the TWGATE_STAT (MODE) PID.
    • While observing the PID, wiggle, shake, and bend small sections of the wiring harness while working from the valve to the PCM.

    Is there a change in the PID reading? 

    Yes No
    ISOLATE the concern. REPAIR as necessary.
    Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.    		 GO to  HN15.
  15. HN15 CHECK THE PCM AND VEHICLE HARNESS CONNECTORS 
    • Ignition OFF.
    • PCM connector disconnected.
    • For TCBY valve,
    • TCBY connector disconnected.
    • For TCBY2 valve,
    • TCBY2 connector disconnected.
    • For TC wastegate regulating valve solenoid,
    • TC Wastegate Regulating Valve Solenoid connector disconnected.
    • Check for a loose connection, and damaged or corroded terminals.

    Are the connectors and terminals OK? 

    Yes No
    For F-150 3.5L, GO to  HN25.
    For all others, The concern is not present at this time.
    DISREGARD the current diagnostic trouble code (DTC) at this time. DIAGNOSE the next DTC. GO to DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC) CHARTS AND DESCRIPTIONS .    		 REPAIR as necessary.
    Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
  16. HN16 TURBOCHARGER SYSTEM PERFORMANCE OVERBOOST CONDITION 
    NOTE: Diagnose circuit faults prior to range or performance faults.
    NOTE: Visually inspect the vehicle for aftermarket accessories and performance modifications (exhaust system, turbocharger, performance chip). Refer to ENGINE CONTROL (EC) SYSTEM , Modifications to OBD Vehicles.
    • Check for aftermarket exhaust accessories and performance modifications.
    • Visually inspect the exhaust system for the following:
      • aftermarket accessories and performance modifications
      • tailpipe modifications that decrease the exhaust restriction

    Is a concern present? 

    Yes No
    REPAIR as necessary.
    Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.    		 GO to  HN17.
  17. HN17 CHECK SUPPLY HOSE FROM HIGH PRESSURE TUBE TO TURBOCHARGER (TC) WASTEGATE REGULATING VALVE SOLENOID 
    • Check high pressure supply hose between the high pressure tube and the TC wastegate regulating valve solenoid for the following:
      • disconnected or damaged hose
      • loose connections
      • blockage or obstruction

    Is a concern present? 

    Yes No
    REPAIR as necessary or INSTALL a new high pressure supply hose.
    Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.    		 GO to  HN18.
  18. HN18 CHECK TURBOCHARGER WASTEGATE ACTUATOR OPERATION 
    NOTE: Do not exceed 103.4 kPa (15 psi) of pressure applied to the turbocharger actuators, excessive pressure will damage actuators.
    NOTE: If the pressure bleeds off quickly while carrying out this test, find and repair the leak and retest the vehicle to verify that the initial concern is still present before continuing with this step.
    • Disconnect the turbocharger high pressure supply hose from the TC wastegate regulating valve solenoid.
    • Using a suitable hand pump with pressure gauge, pressurize the TC wastegate regulating valve solenoid to 48.3 kPa (7 psi).
    • Ignition ON, engine OFF.
    • Access the PCM and control the TURBO_WGATE (PER) PID.
    • Command the TC wastegate regulating valve solenoid duty cycle from 0% to 100%.
    • Ignition OFF.

    Did the pressure drop when the duty cycle was commanded to 100%? 

    Yes No
    GO to  HN21. INSTALL a new TC Wastegate Regulating Valve solenoid. REFER to the appropriate Electronic Engine Controls article . Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
  19. HN19 TURBOCHARGER SYSTEM PERFORMANCE UNDERBOOST CONDITION 
    NOTE: For a performance concern related to a plugged or restricted exhaust, refer to GO to  HF8.
    NOTE: Diagnose circuit faults prior to range or performance faults.
    NOTE: Visually inspect the vehicle for aftermarket accessories and performance modifications (exhaust system, turbocharger, performance chip). Refer to ENGINE CONTROL (EC) SYSTEM , Modifications to OBD Vehicles.
    • Check the air filter element and housing for contamination, blockage or water intrusion.
    • Disconnect the air inlet and check for restrictions and water intrusion.
    • Check the charge air cooler (CAC) system for leaks (hoses and cooler).
    • Check the CAC and intake air system for restrictions.
    • Visually inspect the exhaust system for the following:
      • leaks, cracks, or punctures upstream of turbocharger
      • aftermarket accessories and performance modifications
      • tailpipe modifications that increase the exhaust restriction
      • plugged or restricted exhaust

    Is a concern present? 

    Yes No
    REPAIR as necessary.
    Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.    		 GO to  HN20.
  20. HN20 CHECK THE CHARGE AIR COOLER (CAC) AND INTAKE AIR SYSTEMS FOR LEAKS AND RESTRICTIONS 
    NOTE: Remember to reinstall the intake air temperature (IAT) sensor, reconnect the CAC tube to the throttle body and remove the plastic bag from the air filter at the completion of this step.
    • Disconnect the CAC tube from the throttle body.
    • Use a suitable method to temporarily plug the CAC tube outlet.
    • Place the air filter in a plastic bag to prevent air flow out the intake port and reinstall it in the vehicle.
    • Remove the IAT sensor from the air filter housing.
    • Connect the Rotunda Smoke Machine, Fuel Evaporative Emission System Tester 218-00001 (522) or equivalent to the intake air system using the appropriate adapter for the IAT fitting.
    • Fill the intake air system with smoke.
    • Check the intake air system for leaks and restrictions.

    Are any leaks or restrictions present? 

    Yes No
    REPAIR as necessary.
    Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.    		 GO to  HN21.
  21. HN21 CHECK THE TURBOCHARGER WASTEGATE ACTUATOR LINKAGE FOR DAMAGE OR OBSTRUCTIONS 
    • Visually inspect the suspect turbocharger wastegate actuator linkage for damage or obstructions. Repair as necessary.
    • Attempt to manually activate the suspect actuator.

    Can the suspect actuator be activated manually? 

    Yes No
    If necessary, INSTALL a new suspect turbocharger assembly. REFER to the appropriate Fuel Charging and Controls article.
    Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.    		 GO to  HN22.
  22. HN22 CHECK TURBOCHARGER WASTEGATE ACTUATOR OPERATION 
    NOTE: Do not exceed 103.4 kPa (15 psi) of pressure applied to the turbocharger actuators, excessive pressure will damage actuators.
    NOTE: If the pressure bleeds off quickly while carrying out this test, find and repair the leak and retest the vehicle to verify that the initial concern is still present before continuing with this step.
    • Disconnect the turbocharger wastegate control hose from the TC wastegate regulating valve solenoid.
    • Record each of the turbocharger wastegate actuator linkage positions.
    • Using a suitable hand pump with pressure gauge, pressurize the turbocharger wastegate actuator hoses to 48.3 kPa (7 psi).

    Did each turbocharger wastegate actuator linkage move from the starting position? 

    Yes No
    GO to  HN24. GO to  HN23.
  23. HN23 TURBOCHARGER WASTEGATE ACTUATOR PRESSURE TEST 
    NOTE: Do not exceed 103.4 kPa (15 psi) of pressure applied to the turbocharger actuators, excessive pressure will damage actuators.
    • Disconnect the control hose from the suspect actuator.
    • Using a suitable hand pump with pressure gauge, pressurize the suspect turbocharger wastegate actuator to 48.3 kPa (7 psi).

    Did the suspect turbocharger wastegate actuator linkage move from the starting position with pressure applied and return to the starting position when pressure is removed? 

    Yes No
    GO to  HN24. INSTALL a new suspect turbocharger assembly. REFER to the appropriate Fuel Charging and Controls article.
    Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
  24. HN24 TURBOCHARGER COMPRESSOR WHEEL CHECK 
    • Inspect the turbocharger compressor wheel and housing for the following:
      • ability to spin freely
      • noise while spinning
      • damage to vanes on the compressor wheel
      • out of balance condition
      • debris in housing

    Is a concern present? 

    Yes No
    INSTALL a new suspect turbocharger assembly. REFER to the appropriate Fuel Charging and Controls article.
    Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.    		 The system is operating correctly at this time.
    RETURN to SYMPTOM CHARTS for further direction.
  25. HN25 CHECK THE ENGINE VACUUM 
    • Ignition OFF.
    • Check for leaks or restrictions in the vacuum supply tube.
    • Disconnect the vacuum supply tube from the turbocharger bypass valve solenoid.
    • Using the DSL ENG Pressure Test Kit 014-00761 or equivalent, measure the vacuum supplied to the turbocharger bypass valve solenoid.
    • Ignition ON, engine running.
    • Record the vacuum supplied to the turbocharger bypass valve solenoid.

    Is the vacuum greater than 33.86 kPa (10 in-Hg)?? 

    Yes No
    GO to  HN26. DIAGNOSE a loss of vacuum, REPAIR as necessary.
    Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
  26. HN26 CHECK THE VACUUM SUPPLIED TO THE TURBOCHARGER BYPASS VALVE SOLENOID CONTROL TUBE 
    • Ignition OFF.
    • Connect the vacuum supply tube to the turbocharger bypass valve solenoid.
    • Disconnect the turbocharger bypass valve control tube from the bypass valve solenoid.
    • Using the DSL ENG Pressure Test Kit 014-00761 or equivalent, measure the vacuum supplied from the turbocharger bypass valve solenoid.
    • Ignition ON, engine running.
    • Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID.
    • Command the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID to OFF.
    • Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS_2 (MODE) PID.
    • Command the TURBO_BPASS_2 (MODE) PID to OFF.
    • Record the vacuum supplied from the turbocharger bypass valve solenoid.
    • Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID.
    • Command the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID to ON.
    • Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID.
    • Command the TURBO_BPASS_2 (MODE) PID to ON.
    • Record the vacuum supplied from the turbocharger bypass valve solenoid.

    Does the vacuum increase and decrease as the bypass valve solenoid is commanded ON and OFF? 

    Yes No
    GO to  HN27. INSTALL a new turbocharger bypass valve solenoid.
    REFER to the appropriate Electronic Engine Controls article.
    Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
  27. HN27 CHECK THE VACUUM SUPPLIED TO THE TURBOCHARGER BYPASS VALVE 
    NOTE: The turbocharger bypass valve is located in the turbocharger housing.
    • Ignition OFF.
    • Connect the vacuum control tube to the turbocharger bypass valve solenoid.
    • Disconnect the turbocharger bypass valve control tube from the bypass valve.
    • Using the DSL ENG Pressure Test Kit 014-00761 or equivalent, measure the vacuum supplied to the turbocharger bypass valve.
    • Ignition ON, engine running.
    • Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID.
    • Command the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID to OFF.
    • Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS_2 (MODE) PID.
    • Command the TURBO_BPASS_2 (MODE) PID to OFF.
    • Record the vacuum supplied to the turbocharger bypass valve.
    • Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID.
    • Command the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID to ON.
    • Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID.
    • Command the TURBO_BPASS_2 (MODE) PID to ON.
    • Record the vacuum supplied to the turbocharger bypass valve.

    Does the vacuum increase and decrease as the bypass valve solenoid is commanded ON and OFF? 

    Yes No
    GO to  HN28. CHECK the vacuum tubes between the turbocharger wastegate bypass valve solenoid and the turbocharger bypass valve for leaks or obstructions.
    If no concerns are present, INSTALL a new turbocharger bypass valve.
    REFER to the appropriate Fuel Charging and Controls article.
    Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
  28. HN28 CHECK FOR CORRECT PCM OPERATION 
    • Disconnect all the PCM connectors.
    • Visually inspect for:
      • pushed out pins
      • corrosion
    • Connect all the PCM connectors and make sure they seat correctly.
    • Carry out the PCM self-test.
    • Verify the concern is still present.

    Is the concern still present? 

    Yes No
    INSTALL a new PCM.
    REFER to FLASH ELECTRICALLY ERASABLE PROGRAMMABLE READ ONLY MEMORY (EEPROM) , PROGRAMMING THE VID BLOCK FOR A REPLACEMENT PCM .    		 The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corroded connector.
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