Evaporative Emissions

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2007 Mercury Mariner and 2007 Ford Escape. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.

NOTE: The vehicle emission vacuum routing diagram is contained in the Description and Operation subsection of the Engine Emission Control section. Refer to ENGINE EMISSION CONTROL - HYBRID article.

The evaporative emission (EVAP) system consists of the:

EVAP canister purge valve.
EVAP canister.
EVAP canister vent solenoid.
fuel vapor tube assembly (includes the fuel tank pressure [FTP] sensor).
dust separator.
fuel tank filler cap.

The EVAP system:

Utilizes an onboard refueling vapor recovery (ORVR) system that captures the fuel vapors from the vehicle's fuel tank during refueling.
prevents hydrocarbon emissions from reaching the atmosphere.
stores fuel vapors in the EVAP canister, that are generated during vehicle operation or hot soak, until they can be consumed by the engine during normal engine operation.
routes the stored fuel vapors to the engine during engine operation.
is controlled by the PCM which, using various sensor inputs, calculates the desired amount of purge flow. The PCM regulates the purge flow, induced by the application of intake manifold vacuum, by varying the duty cycle applied to the EVAP canister purge valve.

The fuel vapors are routed:

from the fuel tank through the fuel vapor vent valve.
to the EVAP canisters through the fuel vapor tube assembly.
to the engine when the EVAP canister purge valve is opened by the PCM.

The FTP sensor:

is part of the fuel vapor tube assembly.
monitors the pressure levels in the fuel tank.
communicates the pressure reading to the PCM during the OBD II leak test.

The fuel vapor tube assembly:

is located on the top LH side of the fuel tank.
is used to control the flow of fuel vapors entering the EVAP system.

The EVAP canister:

is located under the vehicle midway under the LH side of the vehicle.
contain activated carbon.
store fuel vapors.

The fuel tank filler cap:

relieves system vacuum below -3.5 kPa (-16.00 H₂ O).

The EVAP canister vent solenoid:

is normally open.
seals the EVAP system for the inspection and maintenance (I/M 240) test and OBD II leak and pressure tests.
is mounted to the left center of the EVAP canister bracket.
is repaired as a separate item.

The EVAP canister purge valve:

is normally closed.
regulates the purging of the EVAP canisters.
is controlled by the PCM.
is repaired as a separate item.
is mounted on the cowl.

The EVAP dust separator:

is attached to the EVAP canister bracket.
prevents suspended dust and dirt particles from entering the EVAP system.
is repaired as a separate item.

The EVAP system monitor:

is a self-test strategy within the PCM which tests the integrity of the EVAP system.
monitors the EVAP system for leaks.
monitors electronic EVAP components for irrationally high or low voltages.
monitors for correct EVAP system operation.
uses negative and positive leak test methods to test and activate the EVAP system.

The EVAP running loss system leak test:

utilizes intake manifold vacuum to test the system and involves several stages.