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Pinpoint Test H: Wheel And Tire

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2007 Mercury Mariner and 2007 Ford Escape. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.
  1. H1 ROAD TEST THE VEHICLE 
      NOTE: Wheel or tire vibrations felt in the steering wheel are most likely related to the front wheels or tires. Vibration felt through the seat are most likely related to the rear wheels or tires. This may not always be true, but it can help to isolate the problem to the front or rear of the vehicle.
    • Test drive the vehicle at different speed ranges.
    • During the road test, if the vibrations can be eliminated by placing the vehicle in neutral or is affected by the speed of the engine, the cause is not the wheels or tires.
    • Is there a vibration or noise? 
    1. YES  : Go to  H2.
    2. NO  : The wheels and tires are OK. CONDUCT a diagnosis of other suspect systems.
  2. H2 CHECK THE FRONT WHEEL BEARINGS 
    1. YES  : Go to  H3.
    2. NO  : INSPECT the wheel bearings. ADJUST or REPAIR as necessary. REFER to FRONT SUSPENSION article. TEST the system for normal operation.
  3. H3 INSPECT THE TIRES 
    • Check the tires for missing weights.
    • Check the wheels for damage.
    • Inspect the tire wear pattern. Refer to the Tire Wear Patterns chart.
    • Do the tires have an abnormal wear pattern? 
    1. YES  : CORRECT the condition that caused the abnormal wear. INSTALL new tire(s). TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. NO  : Go to  H4.
  4. H4 TIRE ROTATION DIAGNOSIS 
      Fig 1: Identifying Signs Of Lateral Runout
      GF0000028Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Spin the tires slowly and watch for signs of lateral runout.
      • Fig 2: Identifying Signs Of Radial Runout
      GF0000029Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Spin the tires slowly and watch for signs of radial runout.
    • Are there visual signs of runout? 
    1. YES  : Go to  H5.
    2. NO  : CHECK the wheel and tire balance. CORRECT as necessary. TEST the system for normal operation.
  5. H5 RADIAL RUNOUT CHECK ON THE TIRE 
      Fig 3: Identifying Radial Runout Check On The Tire
      GF0000030Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Measure the radial runout of the wheel and tire assembly. A typical specification for total radial runout is 1.15 mm (0.04 in)
    • Is the radial runout within specifications? 
    1. YES  : Go to  H8.
    2. NO  : Go to  H6.
  6. H6 RADIAL RUNOUT CHECK ON THE WHEEL 
    • Measure the radial runout of the wheel. A typical specification for total radial runout is 1.14 mm (0.045 in).
    • Is the radial runout within specifications? 
    1. YES  : INSTALL a new tire. TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. NO  : Go to  H7.
  7. H7 CHECK THE HUB/BRAKE DISC OR DRUM PILOT RUNOUT OR BOLT CIRCLE RUNOUT 
    • Measure the pilot or bolt circle runout. A typical specification for radial runout is:
      • Pilot runout- less than 0.15 mm (0.006 inch).
      • Bolt circle runout- less than 0.38 mm (0.015 inch).
    • Is the radial runout within specifications? 
    1. YES  : INSTALL a new wheel. TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. NO  : REPAIR or INSTALL new components as necessary. REFER to FRONT SUSPENSION article for the front suspension or REAR SUSPENSION article for the rear suspension.
  8. H8 LATERAL RUNOUT CHECK ON THE TIRE 
      Fig 4: Measuring Lateral Runout Of Wheel And Tire Assembly
      G03943931Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Measure the lateral runout of the wheel and tire assembly. A typical specification for total lateral runout is 2.25 mm (0.08 inch)
    • Is the lateral runout within specifications? 
    1. YES  : Wheels and tires are OK. CONDUCT a diagnosis of other suspect systems.
    2. NO  : Go to  H9.
  9. H9 LATERAL RUNOUT CHECK ON THE WHEEL 
    • Measure the lateral runout of the wheel. A typical specification for total radial runout is 1.15 mm (0.04 inch).
    • Is the lateral runout within specifications? 
    1. YES  : INSTALL a new tire. TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. NO  : Go to  H10.
  10. H10 CHECK THE FLANGE FACE LATERAL RUNOUT 
    • Measure the flange face lateral runout. A typical specification for lateral runout is:
      • Hub/brake disc- less than 0.13 mm (0.005 inch).
      • Axle shaft- less than 0.25 mm (0.010 inch).
    • Is the lateral runout within specifications? 
    1. YES  : INSTALL a new wheel. TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. NO  : REPAIR or INSTALL new components as necessary. REFER to FRONT SUSPENSION article for the front suspension or REAR SUSPENSION article for the rear suspension.
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