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Pinpoint Test D: Electrical Pressure Control (EPC) Solenoid

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2005 Ford RV Cutaway, 2005 Ford Econoline, and 2005 Ford Cutaway. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.
NOTE: Refer to the Transmission Internal Harness illustration preceding these pinpoint tests.
NOTE: Read and record all DTCs. All Digital TR Sensor and VSS DTCs must be repaired before entering Output State Control (OSC).
  1. D1 ELECTRONIC DIAGNOSTICS 
    • Key in OFF position.
    • Select PARK.
    • Check to make sure the transmission harness connector is fully seated, pins are fully engaged in the connector and in good condition before proceeding.
    • Connect the scan tool.
    • Key in ON position.
    • Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Diagnostic Data Link.
    • Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: PCM.
    • Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Active Command Modes.
    • Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Output State Control (OSC).
    • Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Trans-Bench Mode.
    • Does the vehicle enter the Trans-Bench Mode? 
  2. D2 SOLENOID FUNCTIONAL TEST 
    • Install 2,060 kPa (300 psi) pressure gauge into EPC tap.
    • Monitor pressure gauge.
    • Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Parameter; EPC.
    • Select value - 15, 30, 45, 60, 70 or 90 psi.
    • Press "SEND".
    • Select another value "0-90 psi".
    • Press "SEND".
    • Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: XXX.
    • Press "SEND".
    • Does the pressure reading match the commanded pressure? 
    • Yes  : CLEAR DTCs. REPEAT OBD Tests.
    • No  : GO to D3.
  3. D3 CHECK FOR VOLTAGE 
    • Disconnect: Transmission Harness Connector.
    • Key in ON position.
    • Measure the voltage on pin 6 at the transmission harness connector to chassis ground.
      Fig 1: Measuring Voltage On Pin 6 At Transmission Harness Connector To Chassis Ground
      G03882382Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the voltage less than 5 volts? 
    • Yes  : GO to D4.
    • No  : REPAIR the circuit.
  4. D4 CHECK FOR BATTERY VOLTAGE 
    • Remove transmission fluid pan.
    • Visually inspect the lead frame connectors for damage.
    • Key in ON position.
    • Measure the voltage with positive lead to VPWR solenoid pin and negative lead to a good ground.
      Fig 2: Measuring Voltage With Positive Lead To VPWR Solenoid Pin And Negative Lead To A Good Ground
      G03882383Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is voltage greater than 10 volts? 
    • Yes  : GO to D5.
    • No  : REPAIR the circuit. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the OBD Tests.
  5. D5 ELECTRICAL SIGNAL CHECK 
    • Measure the voltage with positive lead connected to VPWR solenoid pin and connect negative lead to the signal pin of the EPC solenoid.
      Fig 3: Measuring Voltage With Positive Lead Connected To VPWR Solenoid Pin And Connect Negative Lead
      G03882384Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Turn the solenoids ON and OFF, while monitoring the voltage reading, solenoid state on the diagnostic tool (ON and OFF), listen for the solenoid to activate (click).
    • Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Trans-Bench Mode.
    • Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Parameter EPC.
    • Select a value "0-90 psi".
    • Press "SEND".
    • Select another value "0-90 psi".
    • Press "SEND".
    • Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: XXX.
    • Press "SEND".
    • Does the voltage and solenoid state change? 
    • Yes  : GO to D6.
    • No  : CHECK for open or short circuit in harness or PCM.
  6. D6 CHECK LEAD FRAME SOLENOID CONNECTIONS 
    • Key in OFF position.
    • Disconnect: Caption Lead Frame.
    • Inspect the lead frame for damages, pushed out pins, corrosion, etc.
    • Using the special tool, check each of the lead frame connector pins.
      Fig 4: Checking Molded Lead Frame Connector Pins
      G03882360Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Does the special tool go through the lead frame connector pins? 
    • Yes  : INSTALL a new lead frame. GO to D7.
    • No  : GO to D7.
  7. D7 CHECK SOLENOID RESISTANCE AT SOLENOID 
    • Measure the resistance of the EPC solenoid.
      Fig 5: Measuring Resistance Of EPC Solenoid
      G03882386Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the resistance between 2.48 and 5.66 ohms? 
    • Yes  : GO to D8.
    • No  : INSTALL a new solenoid. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the OBD Tests.
  8. D8 CHECK SOLENOID FOR SHORT TO GROUND 
    • Check for continuity between engine GROUND and the EPC solenoid terminals with ohmmeter or other low current tester (less than 200 milliamps). Connection should show infinite resistance (no continuity).
      Fig 6: Checking Continuity Between Engine Ground And EPC Solenoid Terminals With Ohmmeter
      G03882387Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is there continuity? 
    • Yes  : INSTALL a new solenoid. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the OBD Tests.
    • No  : REFER to DIAGNOSIS BY SYMPTOM  for diagnosis of pressure concerns.
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