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Pinpoint Test J: Wheel And Tire

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2004 Ford Ranger. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.
  1. J1 ROAD TEST THE VEHICLE 
      NOTE: Wheel or tire vibrations felt in the steering wheel are most likely related to the front wheel or tire. Vibration felt through the seat are most likely related to the rear wheel or tire. This may not always be true, but it can help to isolate the problem to the front or rear of the vehicle.
    • Test drive the vehicle at different speed ranges.
    • During the road test, if the vibration can be eliminated by placing the vehicle in neutral or is affected by the speed of the engine, the cause is not the wheels or tires.
    • Is there a vibration and noise? 
    1. Yes  : GO to J2.
    2. No  : The wheel and tires are OK. CONDUCT a diagnosis on other suspect systems.
  2. J2 CHECK THE FRONT WHEEL BEARINGS 
    • Check the front wheel bearings. Refer to WHEEL BEARING CHECK  .
    • Are the wheel bearings OK? 
    1. Yes  : GO to J3.
    2. No  : INSPECT the wheel bearings. ADJUST or REPAIR as necessary. TEST the system for normal operation.
  3. J3 INSPECT THE TIRES 
    • Check the tires for missing weights.
    • Check the wheels for damage.
    • Inspect the tire wear pattern. Refer to the Figure for the Tire Wear Patterns Chart.
    • Do the tires have an abnormal wear pattern? 
    1. Yes  : CORRECT the condition that caused the abnormal wear. INSTALL new tire(s). TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. No  : GO to J4.
  4. J4 TIRE ROTATION DIAGNOSIS 
    • Spin the tires slowly and watch for signs of lateral runout.
      Fig 1: Identifying Signs Of Lateral Runout
      G03272049Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Spin the tires slowly and watch for signs of radial runout.
    • Are there signs of visual runout? 
      Fig 2: Identifying Signs Of Radial Runout
      G03272050Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    1. Yes  : GO to J5.
    2. No  : CHECK the wheel and tire balance. CORRECT as necessary. TEST the system for normal operation.
  5. J5 RADIAL RUNOUT CHECK ON THE TIRE 
    • Measure the radial runout of the wheel and tire assembly. A typical specification for total radial runout is 1.14 mm (0.045 in).
      Fig 3: Measuring Radial Runout Of Wheel And Tire Assembly
      G03272051Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the radial runout within specifications? 
    1. Yes  : GO to  J8 .
    2. No  : GO to J6.
  6. J6 RADIAL RUNOUT CHECK ON THE WHEEL 
    • Measure the radial runout of the wheel. A typical specification for total radial runout is 1.14 mm (0.045 in).
    • Is the radial runout within specifications? 
    1. Yes  : INSTALL a new tire. TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. No  : GO to J7.
  7. J7 CHECK THE HUB/BRAKE DISC OR DRUM PILOT RUNOUT OR BOLT CIRCLE RUNOUT 
    • Measure the pilot or bolt circle runout. A typical specification for radial runout is:
      • Pilot runout- less than 0.15 mm (0.006 inch).
      • Bolt circle runout- less than 0.38 mm (0.015 inch).
    • Is the radial runout within specifications? 
    1. Yes  : INSTALL a new wheel. TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. No  : REPAIR or INSTALL new components as necessary. REFER to FRONT - 2WD for 2-wheel drive vehicles and FRONT - 4WD TORSION BAR for 4-wheel drive vehicles for the front wheels or REAR for the rear wheels.
  8. J8 LATERAL RUNOUT CHECK ON THE TIRE 
    • Measure the lateral runout of the wheel and tire assembly. A typical specification for total lateral runout is 1.14 mm (0.045 inch).
      Fig 4: Measuring Lateral Runout Of Wheel And Tire Assembly
      G03272052Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    • Is the lateral runout within specifications? 
    1. Yes  : Wheel and tires OK. CONDUCT diagnosis on other suspect systems.
    2. No  : GO to J9.
  9. J9 LATERAL RUNOUT CHECK ON THE WHEEL 
    • Measure the lateral runout of the wheel. A typical specification for total radial runout is 1.14 mm (0.045 in).
    • Is the lateral runout within specifications? 
    1. Yes  : INSTALL a new tire. TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. No  : GO to J10.
  10. J10 CHECK THE FLANGE FACE LATERAL RUNOUT 
    • Measure the flange face lateral runout. A typical specification for lateral runout is:
      • Hub/brake disc- less than 0.13 mm (0.005 inch).
      • Axle shaft- less than 0.25 mm (0.010 inch).
    • Is the lateral runout within specifications? 
    1. Yes  : INSTALL a new wheel. TEST the system for normal operation.
    2. No  : REPAIR or INSTALL new components as necessary. REFER to FRONT - 2WD for 2-wheel drive vehicles and FRONT - 4WD TORSION BAR for 4-wheel drive vehicles for the front wheels or REAR for the rear wheels.
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