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Test A: Shift Solenoids

  1. AX4N Electronic Diagnostics  Ensure transaxle harness connector is in acceptable condition. Repair as necessary. Ensure transaxle harness connector is fully seated. Connect scan tool to DLC. Perform KOEO test until Continuous Memory trouble code(s) have been displayed. See QUICK TEST  . Enter output test mode. See ADDITIONAL SYSTEM FUNCTIONS  . Select ALL ON mode. Push START to turn outputs ON. Push STOP to turn outputs OFF. If vehicle enters output state, go to next step. If vehicle will not enter output state, see appropriate TESTS W/CODES article in the ENGINE PERFORMANCE section.
  2. Check Electrical Signal Operation  Turn ignition off. Disconnect transaxle harness connector. Inspect condition of connector and repair as needed. Turn ignition on. Using DVOM, connect positive lead to transaxle harness connector terminal No. 2. See Fig 1 . Connect negative lead to suspect solenoid circuit (terminal No. 1, 6 and/or 8). While monitoring DVOM, press START and STOP to cycle solenoid output on and off. If voltage changes at least .5 volt, go to step 5). If voltage is unaffected, go to next step.
    Fig 1: Identifying Transaxle Harness Connector
    G98E07051Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  3. Check Continuity Of Solenoid Signal & VPWR Harness Circuits  Ensure ignition is off. Disconnect PCM 104-pin connector, and inspect it for damaged pins, corrosion and loose wires. Repair as necessary. Install breakout box, leaving PCM disconnected. Measure and record resistance between specified terminals. See SOLENOID CIRCUIT CONTINUITY TEST table. If any resistance measurement is greater than 5 ohms, repair open circuit. Connect all components. Disconnect breakout box and repeat QUICK TEST  . If each resistance is 5 ohms or less, go to next step.
    SOLENOID CIRCUIT CONTINUITY TEST

    Solenoid Terminal No. (1)(2) Breakout Box Terminal
    Continental & Taurus SHO
    1 6
    6 11
    8 20
    2 71, 97
    Sable & Taurus (Except SHO)
    1 27
    6 1
    8 53
    2 71, 97
    (1) Harness connector.
    (2) See Fig 1 .
  4. Check Solenoid Harness For Shorts To Power & Ground  Measure and record resistance between specified breakout box test pins. See SOLENOID SHORT CIRCUIT TEST table. If any resistance is less than 10 k/ohms, repair short circuit. Connect all components. Disconnect breakout box and repeat QUICK TEST  . If each resistance is 10 k/ohms or more, go to next step.
    SOLENOID SHORT CIRCUIT TEST (1)

    Breakout Box Terminal Breakout Box Terminal
    Continental & Taurus SHO
    6, 11, 20 71 & 97
    6, 11, 20 24, 51, 76, 77, 91, 103
    6, 11, 20 Ground
    Sable & Taurus (Except SHO)
    1, 27, 53 71 & 97
    1, 27, 53 24, 51, 76, 77, 91, 103
    1, 27, 53 Ground
    (1) Measure between breakout box test pins.
  5. Solenoid Functional Test  Connect transaxle tester. Perform solenoid voltage test. See tester instructions. If solenoid activates (Green LED on), go to next step. If solenoid does not activate LED, go to step 7).
  6. Transaxle Drive Test  Connect PCM 104-pin connector. Perform tester drive test. See tester instructions. If vehicle upshifts when operated with tester, replace PCM. Connect all components. Disconnect breakout box and repeat QUICK TEST  . If vehicle does not upshift when operated by tester, go to next step.
  7. Check Resistance Of Solenoids  Set tester Bench/Drive switch to BENCH position. Set Solenoid Selector switch to OHMS CHECK. Connect ohmmeter negative lead to SS1 jack and positive lead to VPWR jack on tester. Measure and record resistance. Connect ohmmeter negative lead to SS2 jack and positive lead to VPWR jack on tester. Measure and record resistance. Connect ohmmeter negative lead to SS3 jack and positive lead to VPWR jack on tester. Measure and record resistance. Resistance for all solenoids on Continental and Taurus SHO models should be 20-30 ohms. Resistance for all solenoids on Sable and Taurus 3.0L models should be 15-25 ohms. If resistance is within specification, go to next step. If resistance is not within specification, replace solenoid body assembly. Erase all trouble codes. See CLEARING CODES  . Repeat QUICK TEST  .
  8. Check Solenoid For Short To Ground  Check continuity between BAT(-) terminal and between SS1, SS2 and SS3 jack. If continuity exists, go to next step. If continuity does not exist, see TROUBLE SHOOTING in FORD AX4N overhaul article for non-electronic symptom diagnostics.
  9. AX4N Internal Electronic Diagnostics  Drain transaxle fluid. Remove transaxle side cover. Inspect all internal harness connectors. Ensure all connectors are fully connected and not damaged. Repair as needed. If all connectors are okay, go to next step. Install all components in reverse order of disassembly. Fill transaxle with fluid. Erase all DTCs. See CLEARING CODES  . Repeat QUICK TEST  .
  10. Check Internal Transaxle Harness Continuity  Disconnect internal harness from solenoid assemblies. To test SS1, connect positive lead of ohmmeter to tester SS-1 jack and negative lead to SS1 connector Orange wire. Measure and record resistance. To test SS2, connect positive lead of ohmmeter to tester SS-2 jack and negative lead to SS2 connector Pink wire. Measure and record resistance. To test SS3, connect positive lead of ohmmeter to tester SS-3 jack and negative lead to SS3 connector Yellow wire. Measure and record resistance. To test SS1, SS2 and SS3 VPWR circuits, connect positive lead of ohmmeter to corresponding VPWR tester terminal. Connect negative lead to selected solenoid connector red wire. Measure and record resistance. If all resistances measured are .5 ohm or less, go to next step. If any resistance measured is more than .5 ohm, replace internal harness. Go to step 12).
  11. Check Internal Harness For Shorts To Ground  Using transmission tester, check continuity between each solenoid lead and BAT (-) terminal of tester. If continuity does not exist in any circuit, go to next step. If continuity exists in any circuit, replace internal harness and go to next step.
  12. Check Resistance Of Solenoid  Using ohmmeter, check resistance between terminals of each solenoid. Resistance for all solenoids on Continental and Taurus SHO models should be 20-30 ohms. Resistance for all solenoids on Sable and Taurus 3.0L models should be 15-25 ohms. If resistance is within specification, go to next step. If resistance measured for any solenoid is not within specification, replace suspect solenoid. Install all components in reverse order of disassembly. Fill transaxle with fluid. Erase all DTCs. See CLEARING CODES  . Repeat QUICK TEST  .
  13. Check Solenoid For Short To Ground  Using ohmmeter, check continuity between each solenoid terminal and ground. If continuity exists, replace faulty shift solenoid. If continuity does not exist, go to TROUBLE SHOOTING in FORD AX4N overhaul article. Install all components in reverse order of disassembly. Fill transaxle with fluid. Erase all DTCs. See CLEARING CODES  . Repeat QUICK TEST  .
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