Theory Of Operation
WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2015 Fiat 500. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.
After the controller is reset (ignition turned to the RUN position) the microprocessor checks the integrity of the program memory (ROM). A checksum is calculated by adding all used bytes in the program memory. The sum should be the same as a known constant stored in the program memory.