Pressure Regulating Solenoid Valves
High Pressure, Normally Low, Variable Force Solenoid Valves
Transmission Control Solenoid Valves 2, 3, and 7 are high pressure, normally low, variable force solenoid valves. This type of solenoid valve regulates hydraulic fluid pressure based on current flow through the solenoid valve coil windings. Each solenoid valve receives 12 V from a high side driver internal to the TCM. Each solenoid valve has a control circuit to an individual low side driver internal to the TCM, which turns ON and OFF to control the amount of current. As an increasing current is applied to the solenoid coil windings, the force imparted to the armature overcomes the armature spring pressure resulting in an increase in fluid pressure to the controlled element. The normal operating current range for these solenoid valves is between 0 - 1.2 A. If the TCM detects an electrical circuit malfunction or excessive current flow, the TCM turn off the high side driver to that solenoid and sets a DTC. The high side driver will reset when the circuit fault is corrected and the ignition switch is cycled.
Nominal resistance of a variable force solenoid is 5.1 Ohms +/-.3 Ohms @ 20C (68F). As the temperature of the solenoid windings increase, the resistance will also increase. When the solenoid temperature is at 100C (212F), the resistance value will be approximately 6.7 Ohms +/-.4 Ohms.
Low Pressure Normally High, Variable Force Solenoid Valves
Transmission Control Solenoid Valves 1, 5, and 6 are low pressure, normally high, variable force solenoid valves. This type of solenoid valve regulates hydraulic fluid pressure based on current flow through the solenoid valve coil windings. Each solenoid valve receives 12 V from a high side driver internal to the TCM. Each solenoid valve has a control circuit to an individual low side driver internal to the TCM, which turns ON and OFF to control the amount current. As an increasing current is applied to the coil windings, the force imparted to the armature overcomes the low fluid pressure acting on the armature resulting in a decrease in fluid pressure to the controlled element. The normal operating current range for these solenoids is between 0 - 1.2 A. If the TCM detects an electrical circuit malfunction or excessive current flow, the TCM turns off the high side driver to that solenoid valve and sets a DTC. The high side driver will reset when the circuit fault is corrected and the ignition switch is cycled.
Nominal resistance of a variable force solenoid is 5.1 Ohms +/-.3 Ohms @ 20C (68F). As the temperature of the solenoid windings increase, the resistance will also increase. When the solenoid temperature is at 100C (212F), the resistance value will be approximately 6.7 Ohms +/-.4 Ohms.
High Pressure Normally High, Variable Force Solenoid Valve
Transmission Control Solenoid Valve 4 is a high pressure, normally high, variable force solenoid valve. This type of solenoid valve regulates hydraulic fluid pressure based on current flow through the solenoid valve coil windings. Each solenoid receives 12 V from a high side driver internal to the TCM. This solenoid has a control circuit to an individual low side driver internal to the TCM, which turns ON and OFF to control the amount of current. As an increasing current is applied to the coil windings, the force imparted to the armature overcomes the high fluid pressure acting on the solenoid valve armature resulting in a decrease in fluid pressure to the controlled element. The normal operating current range for this solenoid is between 0 - 1.2 A. If the TCM detects an electrical circuit malfunction or excessive current flow, the TCM turns off the high side driver to that solenoid and sets a DTC. The high side driver will reset when the circuit fault is corrected and the ignition switch is cycled.
Nominal resistance of a variable force solenoid is 5.1 Ohms +/-.3 Ohms @ 20C (68F). As the temperature of the solenoid windings increase, the resistance will also increase. When the solenoid temperature is at 100C (212F), the resistance value will be approximately 6.7 Ohms +/-.4 Ohms.
ON/OFF Solenoid Valves
Transmission Control Solenoid Valve 8 and 9 are normally low, ON/OFF solenoids. These solenoids only direct hydraulic fluid pressure when commanded ON. Each solenoid receives 12 V from a high side driver internal to the TCM. Each solenoid valve has a control circuit to an individual low side driver internal to the TCM. The normal operating current range for these solenoids is between 0 - 1 A. If the TCM detects an electrical circuit malfunction or excessive current flow, the TCM turns off the high side driver to that solenoid and sets a DTC. The high side driver will reset when the circuit fault is corrected and the ignition switch is cycled.
Nominal resistance of an On/Off solenoid is 12.0 Ohms +/-.3 Ohms @ 20C (68F). As the temperature of the solenoid windings increase, the resistance will also increase. When the solenoid temperature is at 100C (212F), the resistance value will be approximately 15.8 Ohms +/-.4 Ohms.
Transmission Fluid Pressure Accumulator Solenoid Valve - If Equipped
The Transmission Fluid Pressure Accumulator Solenoid Valve is part of the Stop/Start system on the vehicle. The automatic transmission auxiliary fluid accumulator is used to supply transmission fluid line pressure to the appropriate clutches for an auto start event. Attached to the accumulator is a normally closed ON/OFF solenoid. When the ignition is ON, the engine control ignition relay supplies 12 V to the accumulator solenoid. To complete the circuit, the engine control module (ECM) supplies a control circuit to the accumulator solenoid. When the ECM requests an auto start event, the solenoid is commanded ON, allowing captured pressurized fluid to exit the accumulator to apply the clutches for a 1st gear start.
Solenoid Characterization
Transmission Control Solenoid Valves 1 - 7 are pressure regulating valves. Each solenoid valve is tested after assembly to determine the output fluid pressure at certain electrical current values, applied to coil windings. This information is refer to as solenoid current/pressure data points. The solenoid valves are tested two ways, with an increasing and decreasing electrical current applied to the coil windings. The resultant current versus pressure data points are saved and assigned a file number. The file number is marked on the solenoid valve housing end. The performance data file is stored on the TIS web site. This data file is programmed and stored in the vehicle's TCM. Replacing any of the following components will require the TCM to be programmed with the new or existing solenoid valve performance data.
- TCM - program the new TCM with the existing solenoid data files stored on the TIS web site for all 7 pressure regulating solenoid valves
- One or more solenoid valves - program the TCM with the new data file for only the individual pressure regulating solenoid valves that were replaced
- Lower Control Valve Body Assembly with Solenoid Valves - program the TCM with the new data files stored on the TIS web site for all pressure regulating solenoid valves
- Transmission Assembly - program the TCM with the new data files stored on the TIS web site for all pressure regulating solenoid valves