Lubrication Description
Engine lubrication is supplied by a variable displacement two-stage vane-type oil pump assembly. An oil control solenoid valve, controlled by the engine control module (ECM) is mounted to the oil pump, will vary engine oil pressure according to engine needs based on speed and load. Oil pressure may change quickly as the engine speed or load varies. Oil pressure may also vary with outside temperature and oil viscosity.
The oil pump (9) draws oil from the oil pan storage reservoir through an oil suction pipe (10). Oil is pumped under pressure from the oil pump to the engine oil cooler (11) then into the oil filter (12). A bypass valve is incorporated into the oil filter adapter, which permits oil flow in the event the filter becomes restricted with contaminants and during cold engine start up. The pressurized engine oil exits the oil filter bypass valve is distributed into different oil passages, through the main oil galley (7) which feeds pressurized oil to balance shaft bearings (13) main bearings & connecting rod bearing (15), piston oil nozzles (14), used for piston cooling under certain conditions, balance shaft chain tensioner (8), the chain tensioner (16) for the valve timing chain is pressurized over the main oil gallery.
The oil pressure in the main gallery needs to be controlled to the right oil pressure depending on engine load, speed and temperature. Therefore an oil pressure sensor is mounted to the oil gallery and an oil temperature sensor. These sensors supply their signals to the engine control module (ECM).
Another part of this pressure regulation is the oil control valve (OCV) that is mounted to the oil pump. The OCV is a solenoid valve, which is fed by an oil galley comes back from the balance shaft bearings. By means of the ECM signal the OCV is able to control the oil flow of the continuous variable oil pump and the oil pressure in the main gallery.
The variable camshaft phasers (1) are also supplied with the full oil pressure from the main oil gallery through the first cam shaft bearings, where as the other camshaft bearings (2), hydraulic lash adjusters (19) and the high pressure fuel pump (3) are fed with a lowered oil pressure through the cylinder head gasket orifice.