Circuit/System Description
The sensors listed below are integrated within the multifunction intake air sensor:
- Intake Air Temperature (IAT) sensor 1
- IAT sensor 2
- Humidity sensor
- Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor
- Barometric (BARO) pressure sensor 2
The MAF sensor is an air flow meter that measures the amount of air entering the engine. The engine control module (ECM) uses the MAF sensor signal as a fundamental input for engine control. A small quantity of air entering the engine indicates a deceleration or idle condition. A large quantity of air entering the engine indicates an acceleration or high load condition.
The ECM monitors the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) flow when the EGR valve is commanded ON. The ECM compares the desired MAF to the actual MAF, if the difference is less than or greater than a calibrated threshold level the amount of detected EGR flow is out of range and an EGR DTC will set.
The ECM applies 5 V to the MAF sensor on the MAF sensor signal circuit. The sensor uses the voltage to produce a frequency based on the inlet airflow through the sensor bore. The frequency varies in a range of approximately 2, 300 Hz at idle to near 9, 000 Hz at maximum engine load, depending on engine coolant temperature (ECT).
An ignition voltage circuit and an ECM low reference circuit are also supplied to the MAF sensor.
When the ECT reaches 60°C (140°F) the ECM can command the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve ON and a lower frequency and g/s value will be indicated on the scan tool.
The sensors listed below share an ECM supplied 5 V reference circuit:
- IAT sensor 2
- Humidity sensor
- Barometric pressure (BARO) sensor 2
The sensors listed below share an ECM supplied low reference circuit:
- IAT sensor 1
- IAT sensor 2
- Humidity sensor
- BARO sensor 2
The scan tool Induction System Leak Indication parameter is calculated by dividing the mass air flow sensor signal reading, by the estimated air flow.
The estimated air flow is based on the following signal readings:
- Engine speed
- Boost pressure
- Charge air cooler (CAC) temperature sensor
When the EGR valve is closed, the ideal Induction System Leak Indication is 1.0:1; the normal range is between 0.80:1 and 1.20:1.
A scan tool Induction System Leak Indication parameter greater than 1.20:1, when the EGR valve is commanded closed, may indicate:
- A leak after the turbocharger
- An inaccurate boost pressure sensor
- An inaccurate Charge Air Cooler Temperature Sensor
- A skewed MAF sensor
- A loose or disconnected positive crankcase valve (PCV) heater
A scan tool Induction System Leak Indication parameter less than 0.80:1, when the EGR valve is commanded closed, may indicate:
- A leak before the turbocharger
- An inaccurate boost pressure sensor
- An inaccurate Charge Air Cooler Temperature Sensor
- A skewed MAF sensor
- A leaking EGR valve, when it is commanded closed
- A leaking PCV system
- A disconnected or loose PCV heater