Crankshaft Position Sensor

The crankshaft position sensor circuits consist of an engine control module (ECM) supplied 5 V reference circuit, low reference circuit, and an output signal circuit. The crankshaft position sensor is an externally magnetically biased digital output integrated circuit sensing device. The sensor provides a pulse for each magnetic pole of the magnetic encoder wheel on the crankshaft. Each pole on the encoder wheel is spaced at 58-pole spacing, with 2 missing poles for the reference gap. The crankshaft position sensor produces an ON/OFF DC voltage of varying frequency, with 58 output pulses per crankshaft revolution. The frequency of the crankshaft position sensor output depends on the velocity of the crankshaft. The crankshaft position sensor sends a digital signal, which represents an image of the crankshaft encoder wheel, to the ECM as each pole on the wheel rotates past the crankshaft position sensor. The ECM uses each crankshaft position sensor signal pulse to determine crankshaft speed and decodes the crankshaft encoder wheel reference gap to identify crankshaft position. This information is then used to determine the optimal ignition and injection points of the engine. The ECM also uses crankshaft position sensor output information to determine the camshaft position sensor - intake and camshaft position sensor - exhaust relative to the crankshaft, to control camshaft phasing, and to detect cylinder misfire.