Crankshaft and Bearings Cleaning and Inspection: Notes

Tools Required 

• J 8087  Cylinder Bore Gage. See Special Tools and Equipment .
• J 36660-A  Torque Angle Meter. See Special Tools and Equipment .

1. Clean the crankshaft of the following elements:
   • Oil
   • Sludge
   • Carbon
2. Inspect the crankshaft oil passages for obstructions.
   Fig 1: View Of Crankshaft & Bearings

   Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
3. Inspect the crankshaft keyway for the following conditions:
   • A worn crankshaft key (1)
   • A worn crankshaft keyway (2)
   Fig 2: Locating Crankshaft Keyway & Threads

   Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
4. Inspect the crankshaft threads (3) for damage.
   IMPORTANT: If cracks, severe gouges or burned spots are found, replace the crankshaft. Remove slight roughness using a fine polishing cloth soaked in clean engine oil. Remove any burrs using a fine oil stone.
5. Inspect the crankshaft bearing journals and the crankshaft thrust surfaces for the following conditions:
   • Wear without any grooves or scratches (1)
   • Grooves or scoring (2)
   • Scratches or excessive wear (3)
   • Pitting or embedded bearing material (4)

     Inspect the corresponding crankshaft bearing inserts for embedded material and determine the source of the material.

   • Overheating - discoloration
     Fig 3: Identifying Types Of Crankshaft Wear & Damage

     Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
6. The crankshaft bearings are the precision insert type.
7. Inspect the outer surfaces of the crankshaft bearings for the following conditions:
   • Wear - surface wear indicates either movement of the insert, or high spots in the surrounding material - spot wear.
   • Overheating or discoloration
   • Looseness or rotation indicated by flattened tangs and wear grooves
     Fig 4: View Of Outer Surfaces Of Crankshaft Bearings

     Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
   IMPORTANT: Note the location of the crankshaft main bearing high spots. If the spots are not in line, the crankshaft is bent. Replace the crankshaft.
8. Inspect the crankshaft main bearings for craters or pockets. Flattened sections on the crankshaft bearing halves also indicate fatigue.
   Fig 5: Identifying Craters Or Pockets In Crankshaft Main Bearings

   Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
9. Inspect the thrust surfaces of the main thrust bearing for the following conditions:
   • Wear
   • Grooving - Grooves are caused by irregularities of the crankshaft thrust surface.
10. Inspect the crankshaft bearings for excessive scoring or discoloration.
11. Inspect the crankshaft main bearings for dirt or imbedded debris.
    Fig 6: View Of Crankshaft Bearing With Excessive Scoring, Discoloration, Dirt Or Debris

    Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
12. Inspect the crankshaft main bearings for improper seating indicated by bright, polished sections.
13. Inspect the crankshaft bearings for uneven side-to-side wear. This may indicate a bent crankshaft or a tapered bearing journal.
    Fig 7: Identifying Uneven Side-To-Side Wear & Bright, Polished Sections On Crankshaft Main Bearings

    Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
    IMPORTANT: If crankshaft bearing failure is due to conditions other than normal wear, investigate the cause of the condition. Inspect the crankshaft or connecting rod bearing bores.
14. Inspect the connecting rod bearing bores or crankshaft main bearing bores using the following procedure:
    1. 14.1. Tighten the bearing cap to specification.
    2. 14.2. Use the J 8087  in order to measure the bearing bore for taper and out-of-round. Record the readings for bearing selection.
    3. 14.3. No taper or out-of-round should exist.
       Fig 8: Measuring Bearing Bore For Taper & Out-Of-Round

       Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.