Circuit/System Description
WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2020 Buick Regal and 2019 Buick Regal. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.
For an overview of the component/system, refer to: Camshaft Actuator System Description
The ECM compares the signals of the crankshaft position sensor and both camshaft position sensors to detect if the signals are out of sync.