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Home >> BMW >> 2008 >> 535i Automatic >> Repair and Diagnosis >> Engine Performance >> Theory and Operation >> Self Diagnosis - Theory & Operation (N54) >> Calculated load and fuel trim determination

Calculated load and fuel trim determination

The calculated engine load "LOAD_CLC [%]" is based on the calculated mass air flow Speed Density-System - The Air Mass Flow for a suction stroke is a function of the intake system manifold pressure and the air temperature

Strategy: 

A 2-dimensional map is used to interpolate the calculated engine load "LOAD_CLC [%]" depending on calculated mass air flow and engine speed. A weighting factor is applied to compensate the altitude influence.

The calculation is performed as follows: 

LOAD_CLC [%] = LOAD_CLC_RAW

f (calculated mass air flow, engine speed) x (101.3 kPa / ambient pressure) x 100%

with:

CALCULATION ENGINE LOAD REFERENCE

LOAD_CLC calculated engine load in % with altitude correction
LOAD_CLC_RAW calculated engine load in % without altitude correction