Principle of Operation: Notes

Information is received and processed by the IKE. This information (data) is sent to the cluster via the following types of inputs:

Dynamic digital inputs - which consist of signals with a variable duty cycle or frequency.
Digital inputs - which are on/off type signals. These are usually ground inputs from control units used to activate warning lamps.
Analog inputs - which are variable voltage signals. Examples of analog signals battery voltage, fuel tank sending units and temperature sensors.
Bus signals - Such as I, K, D and CAN-Bus. The CAN-Bus replaced some of the above signal inputs from 9/97.

Fig 1: Identifying Dynamic Digital Inputs Signals

Courtesy of BMW OF NORTH AMERICA, INC.