Description And Operation

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Right Side Turbocharger

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Left Side Turbocharger

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A feature that differentiates the two turbochargers is shown in illustration by where the cooling pipes are attached to them. The right turbocharger's cooling pipes are attached in the rear, beneath the exhaust manifold.

• Coolant Inlet (1)
• Coolant Outlet (2)

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The left turbocharger coolant ports are facing away from the engine block.

1. Coolant Inlet (1)
2. Coolant Outlet (2)

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The actuators that move the by-pass waste gate valve are pneumatic. The waste gate valve is normally open. To be able to close the valve, the pneumatic actuator that moves it has to get a vacuum from the proper void channeling.

• Pneumatic actuator (1).
• Waste gate valve (2).

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The pneumatic actuator has an internal reaction spring (m) that lets the waste gate valve open when the vacuum in the actuator diminishes.

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The graph shows the characteristic actuator movement (in mm) depending on the vacuum in the actuator (mbar).

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The exhaust manifold is a single part with the turbine. It is made of steel. The maximum temperature of the gas in it is 980°C.